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The event of respiration are:
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Ch.19
A&PII
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Respirtation is | the process of oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide release gas exchange between the atmosphere and cells |
| The event of respiration are: | 1. pulmonary ventilation 2. External respirations 3. Repsiratory gas transport 4. Internal respiration |
| Which of the following bones does not house a sinus? | zygomatic |
| Which of these laryngeal cartilages is single? | cricoid |
| The pitch of a vocal sounds is controlled by changing the | tension on the vocal cord |
| Arielle is an 8-year-old with cystic fibrosis. For 30 minutes each morning and evening, a parent holds her body in various positions and massages and kneads the areas over her lungs to dislodge the abundant, sticky mucus, which Arielle spits into a jar. S | infection |
| the vocal cords are in the | larynx |
| which of the following is not a function of the mucus-covered nasal passages? | cooling exhaled air |
| the intensity (volume) of a vocal sounds is a result of the | force of air passing over the vocal cords |
| A flashlight placed just below the eyebrow in a darkened room illuminates the | frontal sinus |
| Laryngitis is a potentially dangerous condition because it may | obstruct the airway |
| the procedure used to directly examine the trachea and bronchial tree is called | bronchoscopy |
| The mucous membrane lining the nasal cavity | warms incoming air, moistens incoming air, entraps dust, entraps other small particles |
| The pharynx functions as a ______, whereas the larynx functions as a ______. | common passageway for air and food; passageway for air only |
| The trachea | is lined with a ciliated mucous membrane, includes 20 C-shaped cartilage rings, is a passageway for air, is also called the windpipe. |
| As the respiratory tube branches become finer | the epithelial lining changes from pseudostratified ciliated columnar to cuboidal and simple squamous epithelium. |
| The right lung has ______ lobes; the left lung has ______ lobes | superior, middle, and inferior; superior and inferior |
| The force that moves air into the lungs during inspiration comes from the | atmospheric pressure |
| The force responsible for normal expiration is supplied by the | elastic recoil of tissues and surface tension |
| The volume of air that enters or leaves the lungs during a normal respiratory cycle is the | tidal volume |
| Of the respiratory air volumes listed, which one has the largest volume? | vital capacity |
| The visceral and parietal pleural membranes are normally held together by | a thin film of serous fluid |
| Air entering the potential space of the pleural cavity is called | pneumothorax |
| A simple spirometer cannot measure which of the following air volumes? | risidual volume |
| The first event in inspiration is | the diaphragm moves downward and the external intercostal muscles contract |
| The first event in expiration is | the diaphragm and external intercostal respiratory muscles relax |
| The inverse relationship between pressure and volume is known as | Boyle's law |
| The resporatiory control areas are in the | pons and medulla oblongata |
| " im going tot hold my breath until I turn blue and stop breathing and die and it will be all your fault!" shrieked the 6-year-old at her father. the child was unable to carry out her threat because. | increasing CO2 and hydrogen ion concentration and decreasing oxygen concentraton stimulate chemoreceptors |
| Baby Timothy suffers from apnea and is hooked up to a monitor to warn his parents when he stops breathing. Timothy's dad snores verly loudly. timothy's condition differs from his father's in that infant apnea | a central problem of repiratory control |
| The ventral part of the medulla oblongata near the orgin of the vagus nerve has | central problem of repiratory control |
| which of the following factors does not directly affect breathing rate? | Ph |
| Peripheral receptors stimulate the respiratory areas resulting in | increasing respiratory rate |
| the partial pressure of oxygen that stimulates the respiratory areas is __ of normal | 50% |
| oxygen plays a minor role in control of normal respiration because | deoxygenated venous blood in 75% saturated |
| which of the follwoing is important in maintaining the pH of blood | carbon dioxide |
| The chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies are most sentitive to changes in blood concentration | oxygen |
| Carbon dioxide is sometimes added to the air that a patient breathes in order to | increase the rate and death of breathing |
| Hyperventilation is usually accompanied by a(n) | decreasing in blood CO2 concentration and rise in pH |
| Max works out about an hour every day, using aerobic machines at a gym. During his moderate physical excerise, blood concentrations of | Oxygen and carbon dioxide remain nearly unchanged. |
| Increasing blood concentrations of carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions have simalar effects upon the respiratory eareas due to | an ncreasing in carbon dioxide, increasing hydrogen ions. |
| The walls of the alveoli are composed of | simple squamous epithelium |
| The respiratory membrane consists of | two thickness of epithelial cells and basement membranes |
| Alveoli are kept clean by the action of | macrophages |
| In bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the lungs of newborns become inflamed and scarred. Most infants recover, but some die. An experimental treatment cultures stem cells from a newborn's umbilical cord. The stem cells, in a lab dish, gives rise to type II cells | the type II cells secrete sufactant and the type I cells from the respiratory membrane |
| police stop Richard for driving erratically at 3 Am and give him a breathalyzer test, which he fails miserably because of | the thinness of his respirtory membranes |
| The amount of oxygen released from oxyhemoglobin increases when | carbon dioxide concentration increases |
| The enzyme carbonic anhydrase causes | carbon dioxide to react with water |
| which of the following proteins transports some carbon dioxide in the blood? | hemoglobin |
| Globin is | the protein part of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen in the blood. |
| The chloride shift | maintains the ionic balance between the red blood cells and the plasma |
| A mother and two young children are found passed out in their aprtment, where a space heater is on. Emergency medical technicians suspect carbon monoxide poising,so they give the patients | highy concentrated oxygen and some carbon dioxide |
| Changes in the respirtory system that accompany aging are | -thickness mucus - slowed swallowing reflex - macrophages become less efficient at kepping bacteria out - cilia become less active or vanish |
| Exposure to secondhand smoke can cause or increase risk of | heart disease, lung cancer, and low birth weight - damage to the smooth endothelial lining of blood vessels |
| cancers that orginates in the lungs is most likely to begin in | epithelial (lining) cells |
| Smokers are more susceptible to respirtory infections because | their respirtory passages lose cilia, which would otherwise remove bacteria |
| In emphysema | pressure in alveoli increases and their walls burst, coalescing them and decreasing the surface area for gas exchange |
| In october 2001 at the site of the World Trade Center in New York City, fires were still buring from the terrorist attacks that had brought down the building. The greatest danger to the respiratory system was | very small particles of debris |
| A disorder seen in people who work in factories that package buttered popcorn, caused by inhaling organic dust, is | extrinsic allergic alveolitis |
| Bronchial asthma is usually caused by | an arergy |
| During an asthma attack, the patient usually finds it most difficult to | exhale |
| Emphysema results in | none |
| breathing rate increases during excerise due to | signal from cerbral to the respirtory ereas when it also signals skelectal muscles to contract |
| The hypoxia associated with high altitude can cause | Vasoconstriction of the pulmonary blood vessels |
| at high altitudes, when capillary pressure becomes too high, | fluid fitters out of the blood and collects in the alevoli |
| Atelectasis is | a collapsed lung |
| In tuberculosis | fiberous connective tissue forms around the sites of bacterial infection. |
| Pheumonia can be caused by | bacteria, viruses, or fungi |
| Another word for breathing is ventilation. | true |
| The organs of the upper respiratory tract are located outside the thorax. | true |
| Cellular respiration enables cells to harness the energy from oxygen. | false |
| The pharynx is an enlargement at the top of the trachea that house the vocal cards. | true |
| The left lung is larger than the right lung and is divided into three lobes. | false |
| The pectoralis minors and the sternocleidomastoid are useful in aiding forced expiration. | false |
| The inflation reflex is activiated when stretch recptors are stimulated during inspiration. | true |
| A sudden contraction of the diaphragm while the glottis is closed produces a sneeze. | false |
| Ordinary air is about 21% oxygen and 0.04% carbon dioxide. | true |
| Gas exchange occurs across alveolar pores. | false |
| Carbon monoxide bonds to hemoglobin more effectively than does oxygen | true |
| The greatest amount of carbon dioxide transported in the blood is in the form of dissolved carbon dioxide. | false |
| Oxygen is carried in the blood in the form of bicarbonate ions and is bound to hemoglobin. | false |
| Carbon monoxide is toxic because it destorys respiratory areas in the brain. | false |
| Coughing reflexes become faster with age. | false |
Created by:
Ludi