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APGov Unit 1 Ch. 1
Constitutional Underpinnings
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials directly. | Direct democracy |
| Government in which the people elect those who govern and pass laws; also called a republic. | Representative democracy |
| A government that enforces recognized limits on those who govern and allows the voice of the people to be heard through free, fair, and relatively frequent elections. | Constitutional democracy |
| Government by the people, both directly or indirectly, with free and frequent elections. | Democracy |
| The set of arrangements, including checks and balances, federalism, separation of powers, rule of law, due process, and a bill of rights, that requires our leaders to listen, think, bargain, and explain before they act or make laws. | Constitutionalism |
| The idea that the rights of the nation are supreme over the rights of the individuals who make up the nation. | Statism |
| – The idea that a just government must derive its powers from the consent of the people it governs. | Popular consent |
| Governance according to the expressed preferences of the majority. | Majority rule |
| The candidate or party that wins more than half the votes cast in an election. | Majority |
| Candidate or party with the most votes cast in an election, not necessarily more than half. | Plurality |
| A consistent pattern of beliefs about political values and the role of government. | Ideology |
| Government by religious leaders, who claim divine guidance. | Theocracy |
| The first governing document of the confederated states drafted in 1777, ratified in 1781, and replaced by the present Constitution in 1789. | Articles of Confederation |
| A convention held in September 1786 to consider problems of trade and navigation, attended by five states and important because it issued the call to Congress and the states for what became the Constitutional Convention. | Annapolis Convention |
| – The convention in Philadelphia, May 25 to September 17, 1787, that debated and agreed upon the Constitution of the United States. | Constitutional Convention |
| Rebellion of farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national government. | Shays’ Rebellion |
| The principle of a two-house legislature. | Bicameralism |
| Initial proposal at the Constitutional Convention for a strong central government with a bicameral legislature dominated by the big states. | Virginia Plan |
| Proposal at the Constitutional Convention for a central government with a single-house legislature in which each state would be represented equally. | New Jersey Plan |
| Compromise agreement by states at the Constitutional Convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would have two senators. | Connecticut Compromise |
| Compromise between northern and southern states at the Constitutional Convention that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives. | Three-fifths compromise |
| Supporters of ratification of the Constitution and of a strong central government. | Federalists |
| Opponents of ratification of the Constitution and of a strong central government, generally. | Anti-federalists |
| Essays promoting ratification of the Constitution, published anonymously by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison in 1787 and 1788. | The Federalist Papers |
Created by:
jperez02
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