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STC Eco Ch15
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Medium of exchange: | An items that sellers generally accept and buyers generally use to pay for goods and services. |
Unit of account: | A standard measurement unit in terms of which prices can be stated and the relative value of goods and services compared. |
Store of value: | An asset to purchase items in the future. |
M1: | The most narrowly defined money supply, equal to currency (outside banks) plus the checkable deposits of commercial bank and thrift institutions. |
Money definition: M1: | Currency: coins + paper money, Checkable deposits and Institutions that offer checkable deposits |
Federal reserve notes: | Paper bills issued by the Federal Reserve Banks. |
Checkable deposits: | Deposit in banks or thrifts against which checks may be written. |
Commercial banks: | Firms that engage in the business of banking (accepting deposits, offering checking accounts, and making loans). |
Thrift institutions: | Savings and loan associations, mutual savings banks, or credit unions that offer savings and checking accounts. |
Near-monies: | Financial assets that do not directly serve as a medium of exchange but readily can be converted into narrowly defined money (currency + checkable deposits). |
M2: | A more broadly defined money supply, equal to M1 plus noncheckable savings accounts (including money market deposit accounts), time deposits of less than $100,000, and individual money market mutual fund balances. |
Savings account: | An interest earning account (at a bank or thrift) from which funds normally can be withdrawn at any time. |
Value of money: | Acceptability, Legal tender and Relative scarcity |
Federal reserve system: | A central component of the U.S. banking system, consisting of the board of governors of the Federal reserve Banks. |
Board of governors: | The seven member group that supervises and controls the money and banking system of the Unit States; the Board of governors of the Federal reserve System; the Federal Reserve Board. |
Federal reserve banks: | The 12 banks chartered by the U.S. government to control the money supply and perform other functions. |
Fed functions and responsibilities: | Issuing currency, Setting reserve requirements and holding reserves, Lending money to banks and thrifts, Providing for check collection, Acting as fiscal agent, Supervising banks, Controlling the money supply |
Fractional reserve banking system: | A banking system in which banks and thrifts are required to hold less than 100 percent of their checkable deposit liabilities as cash reserves. |
Balance sheet: | A statement of the assets, liabilities, and net worth of a firm, individual, or institution at some time. |
Required reserves: | The funds that banks and thrifts must deposit with the Federal Reserve Bank (or hold as vault cash) to meet Fed’s reserve requirements. |
Reserve ratio: | The legally required percentage or reserves for every $1 of a bank or thrift’s checkable deposits. |
Excess reserves: | Actual bank or thrift reserve minus legally required reserves. |
Actual reserves: | The funds that a bank or thrift has on deposit at a Federal reserve Bank or holding as vault cash. |