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imaging 2a
automatic film handling
Question | Answer |
---|---|
automated systems are commonly known as | daylight systems |
why are automated systems called daylight systems | they can handle film without the need of a darkroom |
what are the 2 main types if automated systems | 1. dispersed 2. centralised |
2 main components of the dispersed system | 1. loader 2. unloader |
the loader is also known as | a film dispenser |
the difference between the loaders in dispersed system and centralised system | dispersed system - loader not attached to unloader and processor centralised system - loader is attached to unloader and processor |
characteristics of the loader | 1. load film into the cassette 2. usually wall mounted 3. separate dispenser for each film size 4. can be dispersed around the department |
dispersed system is also known as | modular system |
centralised system is also known as | composite system |
to load a cassette place the cassette into | the loading section |
list the steps to load the cassette | 1. place cassette in loading section 2. pushing cassette activates loading mechanism 3. cradle raises cassette to loading position 4. 2 pins force spring loaded trap open at the top of cassette 5. film drops into cassette 6. cassette lowered & flap c |
if the film in the loader runs out, _____________________________ | 1. light sensor activates 2. alarm is emitted |
the film comes in special bags with | 2 tails |
steps on how to load the dispenser | 1. bag placed in dispenser; bottom tail cut off 2. close dispenser 3. wound external handle to remove bag 4. another handle then allows film to be lowered into the correct operating position |
winding the external handle will | remove the bag |
explain how does the cassette look like | 1. sealed unit with spring loaded trap at 1 end 2. flap opened by pressing down on 2 springs located at 1 end; forces the screens apart slightly 4. an external 'nipple' indicates if film is present 5. film ID done by electroluminescent system |
how can the flap of the cassette be opened | by pressing down on 2 springs located at one end |
characteristics of the unloader in the modular system | 1. empties the cassette 2. integral with processor |
the unloader is attached to | the processor |
list the steps of how is the film unloaded from the cassette | 1. cassette pushed into unloader via light-gate system 2. flap forced open & film drops into processor 3. machine beeps to show film has left cassette 4. a blower system may be used to force the film out of cassette |
cassette is pushed into the unloader via | a light-gate system |
what are components of a centralised system | 1. film magazines 2. loader 3. unloader 4. automatic processor |
each centralised system works slightly | different |
steps on how the composite system works | 1. cassette size fed to system is identified 2. open cassette & extract film 3. ID added to film 5. film transported to processor 6. unexposed film of correct size selected from film storage section & conveyed to waiting cassette 8. close & eject cas |
how is the film extracted from the cassette in the centralised system | by suction cups |
how long does the process in the centralised system takes | about 15 seconds |
what are the functions of the centralised system | 1. unload cassette only 2. reload cassette only 3. unload & reload CRT/mammo cassettes 4. unload AOT or Puck film-changer films |
the dispenser section of the centralised system _________________ | holds several dispensers |
each dispenser in the composite system is capable of holding up to ________________________ of film | 100 sheets |
the dispensers in the centralised system may be | interchangeable |
2 types of processor in the centralised system | 1. in-line type 2. under the loader |
characteristics of the microprocessor control of the composite daylight sytem | 1. show sequence of operation 2. system error warnings (typically as a code number) 3. film low warning 4. identifying the size & number of films which have been used |
advantages of a composite daylight system | 1. all functions in one action 2. cassettes can be used in darkroom if system fails 3. system itself does not require darkroom facilities |
disadvantages of a composite daylight system | 1. if one part of the system fails, then whole system fails 2. can become source of congestion |
if the loader faults, the processor __________ be used | cannot |
advantages of modular system | 1. more versatile; if one dispenser fails, there will be another one somewhere 2. can use processor as part of darkroom facility if necessary 3. system is not integral if one part should break 4. no hold up waiting to reload cassettes |
if one loader in the modular system fails, ________________________ | there will be another one somewhere |
general advantages of daylight systems | 1. faster film handling 2. fewer film handling problems 3. less space required 4. fewer cassettes needed as reloading is quicker 5. more time available for the patient 6. greater patient throughput |
example of a cassetteless film handling system | automatic bucky table |
characteristics of automatic bucky table | 1. film magazines are incorporated in the table 2. film fed to exposure area 3. screens compress film 4. exposure is made 5. film released & ID added 6. film conveyed to processor |
in automatic bucky table, ________________ are incorporated in the ___________________ | film magazines, table |
the film magazine in automatic bucky table is also known as | film receiver magazine |
characteristics of the film receiver magazine | 1. if processor breaks down, films are stored in a receiver magazine 2. these can be processed at later time 3. the whole unit is microprocessor controlled, providing diagnosis information |
advantages of automatic bucky table | 1. don't need to leave patient to process film 2. less manual work 3. no queue for processor 4. faster examinations 5. faster throughput |
disadvantages of automatic bucky table | 1. still need cassette system for out of bucky exposures 2. access for cleaning 3. repair is difficult 4. limited choice of film size and configuration i.e 2 cassettes of same size film needed for different orientations |
in automatic bucky table, 2 cassettes of _____________ size film id needed for different __________________ | same, orientations |