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Anthropology 1 Ch.2

Ch. 2

TermDefinition
antiquaries people whom placed items on shelves such as fossils and have no interest in finding information about them (only for looks)
research design the objectives of a project are set out and the strategy for recovering the relevant data is outlined
paleoanthropologist study of traces of ancient human ancestors to comprehend the biological evolution of human species and understand its lifestyle
paleoecology study of old enviornments
fossil localities spots where predators dropped animals they had killed, naturally preserved or early humans lived
taphonomy study of the variety of natural and behavioral processed that let to the formation of the deposits uncovered
context a fossils or artifacts exact position in relation on the surrounding sediment and any associeated material
culture all aspects of human activity ie. fine art. entertainment, religious, beliefs and values
material culture physical products of human society ie. weapons and clothing
cultural anthropology the study of modern human population
archaeological record places of past human activity that are preserved
features non movable artifacts such as a wall (great wall of china)
ecofacts non artifactual organic
survey systematic examination
grid region site dvided into sections
transect used to survey vegetation area that are thick
proton magnetometer a sensor that can detect differences in the soils magnetic field caused by burial features and artifacts
electrical resistivity provides same info as proton magnetometer though it is based on different concepts
aerial photography sometimes called aerial anthropology, taking pictures that reveal topographical significances to archeological sites
pace imaging radar detects features buried under 6 ft. of sand
datum point permanent features or marker that can be used as a reference point
relative dating refers to dating method that determines whether one particular fossil artifacts dates before one another
stratigraphic dating most basic relative dating
strata setiment in deposit layers
law of supraposition states that any succession of rock latyers the lowest rock have been there the longest and upper the shorter period of time
faunal succession placing fossils in a relative time frame
palynology study of pollen grains
seriation dating techniques based on the assumption that any particular artifacts attribute or style will appear and increase polarity until it reaches peak then progressively decreases
radiocarbon dating based on the decay of carbon 14 or radioactive isotopes of carbon that eventually decay into nitrogen
half life how long it takes for half of the radio isotopes to decay
potassium argon dating scientist measure the decay of radioisotope of potassium known as potassium 40 into an inert gas argon 40
fission tracking dating bassed on the decay of a radioactive isotope of uranium that releases energy at a regular rate (determines age from 300,000 to 4.5 million years old)
thermaoluminescence dating based on radioactive decay method but the techniques operate slightly different
dendrochronology numerical dating on the annual growth of rings found in some species of trees
Created by: ssnyder1993
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