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Language Arts Final
Figurative Language/Story Elements/Grammar
| Terms | Definition |
|---|---|
| Simile | A figure of speech which involves a direct comparison between two unlike things, usually with the words like or as. Example: The muscles on his brawny arms are strong as iron bands. |
| Metaphor | A figure of speech which involves an implied comparison between two relatively unlike things using a form of be. The comparison does not use like or as. Example: The road was a ribbon of moonlight. |
| Personification | A figure of speech which gives the qualities of a person to an animal, an object, or an idea. |
| Alliteration | Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words. Example: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. |
| Onomatopoeia | The use of words that mimic sounds. Example: Crackle, Snap, Pop! |
| Foreshadowing | A literary term in which the author uses hints or clues to suggest what will happen later in literature. |
| Imagery | A literary term in which the author uses language that appeals to the senses or provides descriptions of people or objects stated in terms of our senses. |
| Plot | The action or events of a story. Usually the it shows how a conflict, or struggle, develops and is settled. |
| Setting | The time and place of where the story happens. |
| Characterization | An author's description of the character's physical traits and personality, speech and behavior, opinion and reactions of other characters, or the character's thoughts and feelings. |
| Climax | A turning point in the story. The main character usually makes a decision or changes in some way. |
| Rising Action | The part of a story that leads to a climax. It is the events that add complications. |
| Falling Action | The part of a story that shows the effects of the climax. |
| Resolution | The last part of the story which tells how the struggle ends. It suggests how the action will affect the characters. |
| 5 types of Conflicts | Almost every plot involves a struggle between two forces. There are external struggles which include: Man vs. man, Man vs. society, Man vs. nature, and Man vs. fate. There are internal struggles such as Man vs. self. |
| Theme | It is the author's opinion or concern for some topic within a story. Often a story may have more than one. |
| Symbolism | It is the use of something physical, like an object or color, to stand for an idea. |
| Nouns | A word which names a person, place, thing, or idea. Examples: boy, river, friend, Mexico, triangle, day, school, truth, university, thought, John F. Kennedy, movie, aunt, vacation, eye, dream, flag, teacher, class, grammar. |
| Verbs | A word which shows action or state of being. It is the heart of a sentence - every sentence must have one. Recognizing it is often the most important step in understanding the meaning of a sentence. |
| Adjectives | A word which describes or gives more information about a noun or pronoun. They are used to describe nouns in terms of such qualities as size, color, number, and kind. |
| Adverbs | A word that gives more information about a verb, an adjective or another adverb. They describe verbs, adjectives and adverbs in terms of such qualities as time, frequency and manner. |
| Prepositions | A word which shows relationships among other words in the sentence. The relationships include direction, place, time, cause, manner and amount. They are always followed by a noun to create a phrase. Example: The cat sat on the window sill. |
| Pronouns | A word which can be used instead of a noun. For example, instead of saying John is a student, he can be used in place of the noun John and the sentence becomes He is a student. |
| Conjunctions | A word that connects other words or groups of words. In the sentence Bob and Dan are friends, "and" connects two nouns and in the sentence, He will drive or fly, "or" connects two verbs. |
| Articles | A kind of adjective which is always used with and gives some information about a noun. There are three, "a, an, and the," but they are used very often and are important for using English accurately. |
| Symbols & meaning from Tuck Everlasting | The Music Box, Water (the pond & stream, Fishing With Miles, The Toad, The Ferris Wheel (Epilogue) Man in the yellow suit, The woods, The Fence, Prison, Rose and Lily of the Valley |
| Plot Structure | Exposition (introduction of character or setting), Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, Resolution. These elements come together in sequence to form a story arc. |
| Irregular Plot Structure | This is used to describe a story that does not form a story arc or follow the regular sequence of story elements. |
| Acrostic Poems | A poem in which the first letters of each line are aligned vertically to form a word. Trees make the air we breathe Rustling leaves on a windy day Early birds on branches Each one is a home Some become ours |
| Couplets | A simple, 2-lined poem that rhymes. |
| Quatrains | The result of putting two couplets together to form a poem. |
| Cinquain | A special kind of five-line poem. |
| Free Verse | A poem that have no special form. |
| Limerick | A rhyming poem which combines a couplet with a triplet. Lines 1, 2 & 5 rhyme with each other. Lines 3 & 4 rhyme. |
| Haiku | A Japanese form of poetry containing 17 syllables and consisting of 3 lines. The poem often deals with nature. |
| Triplets | A simple three lined poem that rhymes. |
| Expository Writing | A type of writing that is used to explain, describe, give information or inform. |
| Narrative Writing | A type of writing that tells a story or part of a story. |
| Persuasive Writing | A type of writing in which the writer takes a position FOR or AGAINST an issue and writes to convince the reader to believe or do something. |
| Types of Genre | Greek myth, epic poem, fiction, non-fiction, fantasy/sci-fi, biography, and autobiography. |
| Greek Myth | A body of stories belonging to the Ancient Greeks concerning their gods and heroes , the nature of the world and the origins and significance of their own cult and ritual practices. |
| Epic Poem | A long and highly stylized narrative poem celebrating the heroic achievements of its hero. Homer's Iliad and Odyssey are usually regarded as the first important epic poems and are considered to define the form. |
| Fiction | A story which is not entirely based upon facts. More specifically, it is an imaginative form of narrative. It need not be entirely imaginary and may include real people, places, and events. |
| Non-Fiction | An account or representation of a subject which is presented as fact . |
| Fantasy/Sci-fi | Stories that are make-believe tales. Some stories are unlikely tales that have strange or imagined characters, places, or events. Other stories are about life in the future or life on other planets. |
| Biography | A story based on the written accounts of individual lives. |
| Autobiography | A story written by and about the author or composed conjointly with a collaborative writer. |
Created by:
mccarthyr
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