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Ancient Greece
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Peninsula | |
| Epic | |
| Homer | |
| Acropolis | |
| City-state | |
| Aristocrat (aristocracy) | |
| Tyrant (tyranny) | |
| Solon | |
| isthmus (Corinth) | |
| Illiad | Homer's epic story of the Trojan War |
| Odyssey | |
| Osysseus | |
| Achilles | |
| Troy | |
| Trojan Horse | |
| Agamemnon | |
| Helen | |
| Paris | |
| Priam | |
| Heinrich Schliemann | German archaeologist who was said to have discovered the ruins of Troy on the coast of Turkey, and the golden "King Priam's Treasure" in 1873, using Homer's Iliad as a guide. |
| Menelaus | |
| Hector | |
| Aegean Sea | Sea to the east, between Greece and Asia Minor. |
| Mediterranean Sea | The largest sea that separates Europe and Africa. |
| Black Sea | Inland sea in SW Eurasia (present day southern Ukraine and Russia). |
| Sea of Marmara | Sea located between the Dardanelles Strait and the Bosporus Strait. |
| Crete | Large island located in the southern Aegean Sea where the Minoan civilization flourished. |
| Thera (Santorini) | Volcanic island in the Aegean believed by some to have been the site of the legendary lost civilization of Atlantis. |
| Hellespont (Dardanelles Strait) | ancient Greek name for the Dardanelles, the narrow strait separating Europe and Asia at the northern tip of the Aegean Sea. |
| Bosporus Strait | Strait located at the northern end of the Sea of Marmara and leading to the Black Sea. |
| Mt. Olympus (Olympic Mountains) | Highest peak in Greece: Mythical home of the Olympic gods. |
| Gulf of Corinth | Narrow body of water to the west of the Isthmus of Corinth, that separates northern Greece from the Peloponnesus (southern peninsula). |
| Adriatic Sea | Sea located between northern Greece and Italy to the west. |
| Ionian sea | Sea located between southern Greece and Italy to the west. |
| Asia Minor | A peninsula in western Asia, between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea; the site of present day eastern Turkey. |
| Mecedonia | |
| Sicily | large island located off the tip of the Italian peninsula. Both the Spartans and the Athenians fought for control of Sicily because of it's strategic location in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea which made it an important location for trade. |
| Peloponneseus | Large peninsula that forms the southern part of Greece. |
| Knossos | Ancient capital of the Minoan culture on the Aegean island of Crete. |
| Minoans | Advanced seafaring and trading civilization based on the island of Crete in the southern Aegean Sea. |
| Mycenae | |
| proximity | Related to relative location, it is how near or close a thing or place is to another. (ex. Coventry is proximate to West Warwick) |
| Trojan War | Legendary 10 year war fought between the Greeks, led by King Agamemnon of Sparta, and the city-state of Troy, a rich trading city on the coast of Asia Minor. (present day Turkey) |
| democracy | a form of government in which the people govern themselves. One person = one vote. Only Athenian men could vote. |
| Hellas | name for Greece in Greek |
| the river Styx | The Styx was the principal river of the underworld, which had to be crossed to pass to the regions of the dead, called Hades (Hell). |
| Syracuse (Siracusa) | Located near SE coast of Sicily, it is built on an ancient Greek settlement founded by the Corinthians in 734 BC. It was the most important city in Magna Graecia (Greater Greece) for a time rivaled Athens as the most important city of the Greek world |
| Cultural diffusion | The spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another. Direct diffusion of culture occurs when two distinct cultures are very close together (proximity). Occurred through trade, intermarriage and sometimes warfare. |
| The Parthenon | Famous temple of the Goddess Athena located on the Acropolis in Athens. One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. |
| Caryatids | Famous architectural columns sculpted to look like female figures on the Erechtheum temple located in the Acropolis. |
| Athens | Greek city-state where democracy was founded. Defeated by Sparta in the Peloponnesian Wars. Capital of modern Greece. |
| Sparta | City-state in ancient Greece known for its warrior culture. Defeated Athens in the Peloponnesian War. |
| Dark Ages of Greece | Period between (1200 BC - 800 BC) marked by widespread collapse in population (possibly due to disease) before the rise of the city-states such as Athens. Also called the Homeric Age. |
| "Golden Age" | Period from 479 BC - 431 BC when Athens grew rich and powerful from trade and silver; and made amazing achievements in the arts, literature, philosophy, architecture and government. Democracy was founded during this period. |
| Thebes | Ancient Greek city-state. Home of the tragic Greek hero Oedipus. Thebes revolted against Macedonian rule and was conquered by Alexander the Great. |
Created by:
Brendan.Mello
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