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Respiratory

TermDefinition
Albuterol (Ventolin, Proventil) B2 selective SABA. MDI, solution, PO  Fewer side effects.  May still  cause ↑ HR.
Levalbuterol (Xopenex) B2 selective SABA. Inh
Salmeterol (Serevent) Long-acting B2 agonist. For long-term (NOT acute) use, MDI
Theophylline (Theo-Dur) ? Antagonist at bronchiolar adenosine receptors. For maintenance therapy in moderate-severe asthma. SE include nausea, dizziness, headache, ↑ HR, tremor, anxiety. Monitor doses! Given PO ONLY
Aminophylline ? Antagonist at bronchiolar adenosine receptors. May be given IV for severe bronchoconstriction.
Tiotropium (Spiriva) ↓ cGMP mediated bronchonconstriction. Long-acting inhaled drug for COPD.  Anticholinergic SE, especially dry mouth.
Ipratropium (Atrovent) With Albuterol = Combivent ↓ cGMP mediated bronchonconstriction. Bronchospasm in COPD is main use. Not absorbed so few anticholinergic effects. Given via inhalation.
Methylprednisolone - IV (Solu-Medrol) ↓ synthesis + release of inflammatory mediators by immune cells. Used for short-term when sympathomimetics alone can't control.  IV for status asthmaticus
Prednisone PO. Knock down inflammation. Keep stable.
Beclomethasone (Beclovent)  Mometasone (Asmanex Twisthaler) Budesonide (Pulmicort) ↓ synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators by immune cells. Aerosolized, so systemic SE ↓ But ↑ risk of oral candidiasis (thrush).  NOT for status asthmaticus .
Cromolyn (Gastrocrom) ↓ release of inflammatory mediators (histamine) from mast cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils. used for prophylaxis of asthma
Nedocromil (Tilade) ↓ release of inflammatory mediators (histamine) from mast cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils. Prophylaxis for mild/moderate asthma.
Montelukast (Singulair) a leukotriene receptor blocker. Approved for asthma prophylaxis in kids as young as 12 mos.
Codeine ↓ sensitivity of cough center to impulses. Dizziness, sedation.
Hydrocodone ↓ sensitivity of cough center to impulses. More addicting
Diphenydramine ↓ sensitivity of cough center to impulses. Drowsiness, sedation.
Guaifenesin Decrease mucus viscosity. Have little benefit, but are sometimes used in combination with cough suppressants.
Diphenhydramine (Benedryl) Hydroxyzine (Vistaril) First-generation Antihistamines
Cetirizine (Zyrtec) Loratidine (Claritin) Second-generation Antihistamines
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) Inh, bronchoscope, catheter.  Also used for acetaminophen poisoning by PO route.
Created by: whitneydpugh
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