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Earth Science

Tectonic Plate

Question	Answer
What are the three layers of earth?	the crust, the mantle, and the core
How earth layer classified as crust, mantle, and core based on?	the compounds that make up each layer
What is a compound?	a substance composed of two or more elements
Which layers are made up of less dense compound?	the crust and the mantle
Which layer is made up of the densest compound?	the core
What is crust?	the outermost layer of the Earth
Which layer is characterized by the following? The outermost layer of the Earth. It is 5 to 100 km thick. It is the thinnest layer of the Earth; temperature of 0-1000 degree celcius	the crust
What are the two types of crust?	continental and oceanic
___________ crust is thinner and denser than ___________ crust	oceanic, continental
Which layer is characterized by the following? much thicker than the crust and contains most of the Earth’s mass; exist between the crust and the core; denser than the crust; 2900Km thick; temperature of 1000-3700 degree celcius	the mantle
How Scientists draw conclusions about the composition and other physical properties of the mantle?	in some places, mantle rock pushes to the surface; magma from the mantle flows out of active volcanoes on the ocean floor
What are the physical layers of the Earth?	the lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core
Which layer is characterized by the following? radius of 3430Km; temperature of 3700-7000celcius; makes up roughly one-third of the Earth’s mass; extends below the mantle to the center of the Earth	the core
Based on physical property, what is the outer most rigid layer of the earth?	Lithosphere
What is the five physical layers of the Earth's classification based up on?	physical properties
The lithosphere is made of two parts-the _______ and the rigid upper part of the ______.	crust, mantle
What are the pieces of the lithosphere that move around on top of the asthenosphere?	tectonic plates
Which physical layer is the plastic layer of the mantle on which pieces of the lithosphere moves?	asthenosphere
The __________ is made up of solid rocks that flows quickly.	asthenosphere
Which physical layer is beneath the asthenosphere that is strong lower part of the mantle?	mesosphere
What are the two parts of the earth's core?	the outer and the inner
Which core is the liquid layer of the earth's core beneath the mantle?	the outer core
What is the solid, dense center of our planet	the inner core
What is radiation?	the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves.
What is thermal conduction?	the transfer of thermal energy through a material.
What is convection?	the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas.
The cycle of warm air rising and cool air sinking causes a circular movement of air, called a______________.	convection current
The Earth receives energy from the sun by ____________.	radiation
Energy from the sun is absorbed by the atmosphere, land, and water and is changed into __________________.	thermal energy
Thermal energy is always transferred from ________________areas	warm to cold
Most thermal energy in the atmosphere is transferred by _____________.	convection
which of the earth's interior layer are not solid?	outer core
Where do convection current occure?	inside the mantle
What causes convection current?	the rising and cooling of the asthenosphere when it is heated by the inner core
What occurs as a result of convection currents?	The convection currents in the mantle move tectonic plates
Why do scientists rely on indirect methods to observe earth's interior?	the crust is too thick to drill
What method do scientists use to study the interior of Earth?	study of seismic waves caused by earthquake
What is the composition of earth's core?	iron and a small amount of nickel
How can we compare Earth's outer core and inner core?	outer core is liquid and inner core is solid
What causes the Lithosphere plates to move?	convection currents
What is the heat sources that creates convection currents inside the mantle?	inner core
What happens the pressure and temperature, moving from the mantle to the core?	increase
What makes up the continental crust?	granite
What makes up the oceanic crust?	basalt
How is heat transferred in convection?	from hot liquid and gas to cold substances. example: when a liquid boils a steam rises to up ward to the atmosphere
How is heat transferred in conduction?	from direct contact of hot solid materials with cold one. Example: a hand grip of a hot coffee pot
How is heat transferred in radiation?	by electromagnetic waves. Example: heat from sun
What comparison can be made about Earth's lithosphere and asthenosphere?	Lithosphere is the outer most rigid layer with two parts crust and upper part of the mantle. Asthenosphere is plastic layer of the mantle on which tectonic plates move.
Which layer of the Earth's interior is the thickest? the thinnest?	mantle, crust
Why is Earth's inner core solid?	the pressure inside the rock is immense
What is the asthenosphere made of?	solid rock
In what do different tectonic plates differ each other?	size, some are only oceanic like Cocos plate and others like South America plate are both continental and oceanic.
What is seismic wave?	earthquake waves that travel out from the focus of an earthquake in all directions.
What is surface wave?	seismic waves that can only move through solids.
How do Seismologists have learned that the Earth is made of different layers?	By measuring changes in the speed of seismic waves that travel through Earth’s interior
What are some properties of seismic waves?	Seismic waves travel at different speeds through the Earth, seismic wave traveling through a solid will go faster than a seismic wave traveling through a liquid.
What is part of the Earth that is molten?	Outer core
What is the part of the Earth on which the tectonic plates move?	asthenosphere

Created by: mystudystuck

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