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EKG Certification

EKG

A U wave usually occurs when a patient has ____ very low K+, follows the T wave and reflects late repolarization.
The QRS complex occurs when ______ the ventricles contract or depolarize.
On an EKG machine, the standard checks the ____ voltage the instrument is using; normal is 10mm.
The heart has 4 valves that are made up of ____ endocardium, they are aortic, pulmonic ,tricuspid and mitral/biscuspid valves
Blood leaves the heart through the ____ and the _____ valves. These valves are also called _____ Pulmonic; Aortic; Semilunar valves
As blood returns to the heart from the body it enters the _____ Right atrium
Where does the superior vena cava get its blood from? head, neck, and upper extremities
The innermost layer of the heart is called the _____ endocardium
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition when the heart, for whatever reason, cannot ________. The body compensates in _____ major ways. meet the demands of the body; three
The two entrance valves of the heart are the _____ and _______ Tricuspid; bicuspid valves. (AV valves located between an atrium and a ventricle.)
The semilunar valves are the ____ and ____ pulmonic and aortic valves
The pericardium is the ______ that _______ the heart and supports, protects and anchors the heart to the from the doubled walled sac, encloses ; diaphragm and great vessels.
The EKG records the ____ called the _____ electrical impulses; cardiac cycle
The cardiac cycle is represented by the ______, _____, and the _____. P wave; QRS complex; T wave
P wave represents the _____ Contraction of the atrium or atrial depolarization
QRS complex represents the ____ contraction of the ventricles or ventricular depolarization
T wave represents the _____ relaxation of the ventricles or ventricular repolarization.
U wave is ____ but represents possible ____ not always seen; low potassium.
The right and left atria are known as _____ receiving chambers of the heart.
When blood is on its way from the left atrium to the left ventricle, it goes through the _____ mitral valve then to the left ventricle to the aortic valve.
The only way to oxygenate the blood is through the ____ and ____ in the _____ Alveoli; capillaries; lungs
The right and left side of the heart is separated by the ____ septum
The speed that an EKG is normally run is ____ 25mm/sec
The color of the ground lead is ____ green or located on the right leg.
The approximate diameter of the coronary arteries is _____ 1/8 inch
Another name for the bicuspid valve is _____ mitral valve
The purpose of the gel on the electrode is it _______ conducts electricity
The myocardium will get nourishment from the _____ coronary arteries
If the myocardium stops ____ the area that doesn't receive blood supply dies
The myocardium is the ______ thickest layer of the heart
The size of a normal heart is _____ about the size of your fist
The heart functions as a _______ pump to pump blood to all the body's cells
Blood returns to the heart through the ____ inferior and superior vena cava, then to the right atrium thru the tricuspid valve.
The inferior cava brings blood from ____ and the superior vena cava gets blood from _____ below the diaphragm; head, neck, and upper extremities
The pulmonary vein is the only vein that carries ____ that comes from the ____ and returns blood back to the ____ for eventual circulation to _____ and high oxygen blood; lungs; left atrium; body organs; cells
The term for a rapid heart beat is _____ tachycardia
Depolarization and Repolarization are __________ events. Contraction and Relaxation are _______ events. electrical; mechanical. (Electrical before mechanical)
The purpose of the conduction system is to ____ and ____ initiate the heart beat; regulate the cardiac cycle
The top of the heart is the_________, while the bottom is the ________ base; apex
Ectopic heart beats are generated from an ____ impulse originating some other place besides the SA node
The SA node is located ____ on the upper wall of the right atrium
The SA node's functioni is to ____ generate the stimulus to make the heart beat
The term for the heart when it is contracting is ____ systole
Fibrillation is a ____, with individual cells ____ nonsynchronous contraction of muscle tissue; firing at their own rate
Fibrillation can be isolated to the ___. ____ is not compatible with life. Atria or the ventricles; venticle fibrillation
A heart in fibrillation has been described as ______ looking and feeling like a bag of worms
In the heart, when the atria contract, the blood is ______ squeezed into the ventricles
When the heart beats too slow the patient can suffer from _____ syncope
The heart is located in the ____ mediastinum
The function of the heart is to _____ pump sufficient amounts of blood to all of the cells in the body
The U wave usually appears _____ after the T wave
Ischemia is _____. A condition of ______ Reduced blood; inadequate blood flow to a tissue
Ishemia to the heart can cause ____ and if present long enough ____ angina; infarction
Precordial leads are _____ chest leads
The right leg electrode shows ____ and serves as a _____ no cardiac information; ground electrode
A muscle tremor would look like a ______ on an EKG fuzzy irregular baseline
A broken cable wire would cause a ______ wandering baseline
Mediumstinum is the ______ and holds _____ space between the lungs in the chest cavity; the heart and other respiratory units
Electrodes are ________ plates that come between the patient and the current
Augmented lead aVR goes to the ______ right arm
When the myocardium is stimulated, its muscle ___ contracts
The myocardium is made of _____ muscle
If the patient has the right arm amputated above the elbow place the lead on the ____ upper part of that arm
If the patient has an amputation, the important thing to do is to be sure that wherever you place the lead, _______ you use the same corresponding spot on the opposite limb
You standardize an EKG _______ before and after you run the EKG
The pulmonary artery is the only artery that ____ carries low oxygen or deoxygenated blood.
The pulmonary artery leaves the ____ right ventricle
Normal sinus rhythms have a rate of ____ and each complex is ________ 60 to 100 beats per minute; complete and normal in appearance
The term ____ means the heart rate is below 60 beats per minute bradycardia
A sinus arrhythmia can be caused by ______ changes in breathing
Asystole is a ______ associated with _____ flat line; death
Pulmonary circulation is circulation that goes to the heart's _____ to the ____ where it is ____ and releases _____ right atrium; lungs; oxygenated; built up carbon dioxide
If the heart beat fires ectopically it means the stimulus to generate _____ does not _______ the heart beat ; occur in the SA node
Chordae tendonae holds the ______ heart valves in place
A heart mumur is the sound of _______ faulty action when the valves close
Ischemia is the lack of _____ to an area of the _____ sufficient blood supply; myocardium
An MI is a ____ and occurs when the ____ because of ______ myocardial infarction; myocardial tissue suffers death to the area; insufficient blood flow
One of the major causes of heart failure is _____ untreated high blood pressure
You calculate the heart rate from an EKG strip by __________ counting the number of complete complexes in 3 or 6 seconds and multiply by 20 or 10
The difference between agonal and asystole on an EKG is that asystole is a _____ while agonal is _____ flat line; less than 20 beats per minute
An electrocardiogram is a _______ recording or tracing of an EKG
____ electrodes are used for a 12 lead EKG ten
Automaticity is the ability of cardiac cells to __________ Initiate an impulse without stimulation
PQRST complex represents ______ one entire cardiac cycle
The T wave shows the _____ relaxation of the ventricles or ventricular repolarization
An artifical pacemaker looks like _____ a straight, hard vertical line or spike on an EKG
The apex of the heart is the ____ of the heart pointed bottom end
The base of the heart is the _______ and is ____ in shape upper border of the heart; broad
The blood in the pulmonary veins goes to the ____ left atrium
The ______ encloses the heart pericardial sac
Repolarization is the ____ phase relaxation or resting phase and is an electrically - state.
Depolarization is the ___ phase contraction and changes the resting - cell to a + charged one.
The base of the heart is located ____ just below the 2nd rib
A heart chamber empties the blood during the ____ contraction or systolic phase
When the ventricles are in the systole phase, they are _____ by _____ pumping blood out of the chamber; contraction
The _____ is the largest chamber in the heart because it has the job of ________ left ventricle; pumping blood out to all parts of the body
The two chambers that push the blood out of the heart are called the _____ left and right ventricles
The cardiac tissue is unique because it is ____ all fused together so it acts as one
Lead aVF goes to the ______ left leg
A major cause of artherosclerosis is ______ the build up of fat deposits on the walls of the arteries
Angina is ____ from _____ to _____ heart pain; lack of circulation; coronary arteries
When the heart rate goes down to 40-60 beats per minute, the impulse is usually generated in the ________ AV node
The aorta ____ and carries _______ leaves the heart; blood to all parts of the body
The bottom number of blood pressure represents the ________ relaxing or diastolic phase
When measuring the height of peaks in an EKG, each large square represents _______ 5mm by 5mm
Each small square represents _____ .04 seconds on EKG paper
Capillaries are __________ the smallest blood vessels in the body; where nutrient and gas exchange take place.
AV Dissociation Atria and ventricles depolarize and contract independently of each other.
By having a relatively slow conduction rate, the AV node allows the atria to _____ before they____ empty more blood into the ventricles; contract
The Purkinje fibers are ____ found in the ____ of the heart. specialized conducting cells; ventricular septum
The Purkinje fibers are organized in such a way as to mediate a ____ that wrings the blood from the ____ out towards the _____ of the heart smooth contraction; apex; base
Vagal tone is virtually synonymous with ____ tone in regards to the heart parasympathetic
Stimulation of the vagus causes a ____ which in turn causes a ______ in blood pressure decreased heart rate; drop
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is a _____ disorder of the heart where ____ other than the _____ connect the _____. conduction; electrical pathways; AV nodal system; atria with the ventricles
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome can lead to ____. reentrant arrhythmias
Tricuspid valve is located between the _____. It has ____ cusps Right atrium and right ventricle; three
Mitral valve, also known as ___ valve, is located between the _____. It has ____ cusps bicuspid valve; left atrium and left ventricle; two
The primary characteristics of the cardiac cells are ___________ Automaticity, excitability, conductivity, contractility
Automaticity is the ability of the ______. Sites that possess this characteristic are the _____ cardiac packemaker cells to spontaneously initiate their own electrical impulse without being stimulated from another source; SA node, AV junction, and the Purkinje fibers
Excitability, also referred to as ____, is shared by all _____ and it is the ability to ____ irritability; cardiac cells; respond to external stimulus: electrical, chemical, and mechanical
Conductivity is the ability of all cardiac cells to ______ and transmit ________ receive an electrical stimulus; the stimulus to the other cardiac cells
Contractility is the ability of the cardiac cells to _________ and _____ in response to ____ shorten; cause muscle contraction; an electrical stimulus
The heart is classified as a _____ hollow, muscular organ
The heart is made up of _____ layers which are ______ four; endocardium, myocardium, epicardium, pericardium
The endocardium is the ____ of the heart inner layer
The myocardium is the ______ of the heart muscular layer
The epicardium is the _______ of the heart outer layer
The pericardium is an _____ surrounding the heart that separates the _________ outer sac; heart from the rest of the chest cavity
A lead is the _______ the gel or pad that conducts electricity
The cardiac muscle has ____ stages. The ______ (____ or ____), the ______ (_____ or ____), and the ______ (_____). three; contraction (systole, depolarization); relaxation (diastole, repolarization); baseline (polarization)
The normal standard ____ 10mm/mv
Another name for the resting phase on an EKG is the _____ baseline
The term electrocardiograph is the _____ instrument used for recording the heart's activity
The P wave shows ____ atrial contraction
Another name for Leads aVF, aVL, aVR is ____ augmented
Sympathetic nerves are the "_________" response. The sympathetic system prepares _____ fight or flight; the body for action
Created by: jlr0991
 

 



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