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World History Test
Unit 5 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is “divine right” and what was it used to support? | absolute rule |
| Why did European monarchs become absolute rulers? (What was it in response to?) | religious and territorial conflicts that caused warfare and revolts |
| Which country had an Armada that was defeated in 1588 by stormy weather and the English navy? | Spanish |
| Which country gradually replaced the Italians as the bankers of Europe? | Dutch |
| What religion did Philip II believe it was his destiny to defend from its enemies in Europe and the Ottoman Empire? | Catholicism |
| What type of government did the Dutch establish after they gained independence from Spain? | a republic |
| What things weakened the Spanish Empire? | Spain suffered from sever inflation and high taxes |
| What were some accomplishments of Philip II of Spain? | he defended Roman Catholicism and helped stimulate the arts |
| How was the United Provinces of the Netherlands different from neighboring states? | it elected governors whose power depends on landowners and merchants |
| Who was known as the Sun King? | Louis XIV |
| What were government agents who collected taxes and administered justice? | intendants |
| What was the conflict that was waged to prevent the union of the French and Spanish thrones? | War of Spanish Succession |
| What was a declaration of religious tolerance issued by Henry IV and canceled by Louis XIV? | Edict of Nantes |
| Who was the minister to Louis XIV whose policies drove nobles to rebel against the young boy king? | Cardinal Mazarin |
| Who was the minister of finance under Louis XIV whose policies of mercantilism caused France’s economy to grow and prosper? | Jean Baptiste Colbert |
| Who was the minister to Louis XIII who took steps to strengthen the power of the monarchy at the expense of the Huguenots and the nobility? | Cardinal Richelieu |
| What was the main cause of the 8 civil was that were fought in France between 1562 and 1598? | religious conflicts |
| What king became France’s most powerful ruler and boasted “I am the state”? | Louis XIV |
| What purpose did the palace at Versailles serve? | to show Louis power and arouse envy of other monarchs |
| What event led to the War of the Spanish Succession? | Charles II made Louis XIV grandson his heir adding to Bourbon power |
| Who won the fights at the start of the 30 Years’ War? | Hapsburg |
| What was the result of the Seven Years’ War in Europe? | no exchange of territories in Europe |
| Which war was sparked by religious conflict and resulted in the increased power of France, the weakening of Spain, and Austria, and the devastation of Germany? | Thirty Years War |
| Who inherited the Austrian throne only after Charles VI had the other European powers sign an agreement declaring that they would recognize the heir? | Maria Theresa |
| Which war resulted in the beginning of the modern state system in Europe? | Thirty Years War |
| What was the Thirty Years’ War a conflict over? | religion, territory, and power among European ruling families |
| Why did strong states form more slowly in central Europe than in western Europe? | they had weak empires and poor economies without a middle class |
| Who was the first Russian ruler to adopt the title czar, which means “ceasar”? | Ivan the Terrible |
| Which group was Ivan the Terrible’s cruelty mainly aimed at? | nobles |
| Who were the boyars? | landowning nobles |
| What was Peter the Great’s main reason for visiting the West? | learn about western customs and technology |
| What was the most essential part of the Russian economy when Peter the Great took the throne? | serfs |
| Why did Peter the Great choose the site he did for St. Petersburg? | water routes to Europe |
| Which group suffered the greatest loss of power under Ivan the Terrible? | boyers |
| Why did Peter the Great build St. Petersburg? | warm water port that would make it easier to travel to the west |
| What was Peter the Great the first Russian ruler to make an effort to do? (Who did he try to make Russia more like?) | westernize Russia |
| Which king of England was tried and then put to death? | Charles I |
| Who was the Catholic king that was replaced by William and Mary? | James II |
| Parliament had the financial power in England, and this made it hard to have this type of government? | absolute monarchy |
| Which Puritan leader abolished the monarchy and ruled as a military dictator? | Oliver Cromwell |
| What document made clear the limits on royal power after the Glorious Revolution? | Bill of Rights |
| Which king of England came to power as a result of the Glorious Revolution? | William |
| What prevented monarchs from putting people in jail simply for political reasons and holding them without charging them or having a trial? | Habeas Corpus |
| What was adopted to prevent disagreements between the monarchy and the Parliament from bringing government to a standstill? | cabinet system |
| What did the “Restoration” restore to England? | the monarchy as an institution |
| Put the Glorious revolution, the Restoration, and the English Civil War in chronological (time) order. | English Civil War, Restoration, Glorious Revolution |
| How did the Puritans win the English Civil War? | Cromwell's army defeated the royalists and the puritans held the king prisoner |
Created by:
aemiller
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