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Management Science
Management Science vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
linear programming | problem solving approach developed for situations involving max or min of a linear function |
decision analysis | used to determine optimal strategies in situations involving several decision alternatives |
analog model | does not have a physical appearance similar to real object or situation it represents |
objective function | mathematical expression that describes the problem's objective |
decision variable | controllable input |
optimal solution | specific decision-variable value or values that provide the "Best" output for the model |
infeasible solution | decision alternative that does not satisfy one or more constraints |
breakeven point | total revenue equals total cost |
constraint | equation that rules out certain combinations of decision variables as feasible solutions |
sensitivity analysis | study of how changes in the coefficients of a linear programming problem affect the optimal solution |
dual price | improvement in the value of the objective function per unit increase in the right-hand side of a constraint |
reduced cost | amount by which an objective function coefficient would have to improve before it would be possible for the corresponding variable to assume a positive value in the optimal solution |
slack | added to left-hand side of a less-than constraint to covert it to an equality (unused resource) |
surplus | subtracted from left-hand side of a greater-than constraint to convert it to an equality (amount above required minimum) |
extreme point | feasible solution points occurring at the corners of the feasible region |