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Unit 5
Civics Unit 5 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Domestic Tranquility | maintain orderly & beneficial society |
| Criminal Court | hears cases involving alleged violations of state penal code -defendant and prosecutor |
| Civil Court | hear disputes btwn private citizens, businesses, org, etc |
| Original Jurisdiction | authority to hear cases first |
| Appellate Jurisdiction | authority to review decision of a court having original jurisdiction |
| Concurrent | both state and federal have authority to hear case |
| Exclusive | only fed courts may hear that case |
| Adversial | court cases argued by both attnys for opposing sides -fed & st do this -defendant or plaintiff -judges make sure of due process -trial strategies determined by attnys -juries decide final outcome |
| Arrest Warrants | in most misdemeanor cases, law end must 1st get legal doc from court |
| Probable Cause | sufficient evidence that the person has committed a crime |
| Plea bargaining | process in which defendants who know they will likely |
| Appellate Courts | decisions made by panel of judges, not jury -reviews jurisdiction of lower cases |
| US Supreme court jurisdiction | -appellate jurisdiction over all lower courts - fed & st -original jurisdiction over cases involving ambassadors, public ministers, and consuls, |
| Felonies | more serious crimes (murder, rape, drug trafficking) punishable by longer periods of incarceration and/or capital punishment |
| Misdemeanors | less serious crimes usually punishable by a fine, probation, or less than a year in jail |
| Summons | how defendants usually become aware that civil action has been taken against them -informs of civil charges & tells them when/where |
| Jurisprudence | study of law |
| Hammurabi's Code | 1st natural rights and written law |
| Family Law | type of civil law- deals w/ things like divorce, custody battles, adoption |
| Retribution | "payback" punishment to the crime committed -person who favors death penalty |
| Rehabilitation | helping convicted persons change their behavior -more education, outreach, counseling |
| Recidivism | rate at which criminal behavior is repeated by them same person |
| Probation | instead of jail, set of conditions must meet within a certain time |
| Parole | released early from prison but still considered to be serving sent; set conditions to meet; parole officer to check in w/ |
| Law Enforcement Agencies | who would arrive at the crime scene (local police, sheriff, FBI, SBI, CIA) -CIA isn't a law enforcement agency, they gather info over seas |
| Mental institutions | receive treatment and kept from society -have to prove you're mentally ill |
| Statutory Law | any laws passed by the state legislature or US Congress -basic laws -start as bills |
| Common Law | laws based on past court decisions and precedence -happens so much it's common |
| the Iroquois League | group of Native Americans created a govt that included a Const and president -created Great Peacemaker; influenced Const (only non-European influence) |
| International Law | laws btwn diff countries -hard to enforce -treaties |
| Magna Carta | granted certain rights to nobles and placed the king under direct law (1st limited govt) |
| Ten Commandments | moral standards, laws, and faiths |
| Justinian Codes | old Roman laws compiled together |
| Draconian LAws | gave voice to common people |
| English Bill of Rights | limited authority of Kind, protected ind rights of citizens |
| British Common Law | based on past court decisions or tradition |
| Social Contract | idea that people give up some of their rights to maintain a society & govt |
| Dec of Ind | declared US ind, influenced Const |
Created by:
_xokayleighxo_
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