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External Parasites
Lice, Mites, Ticks, Etc.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the condition term for lice? | Pediculosis |
| What are the 3 distinct parts of a louse? | Head, thorax and abdomen |
| 2 types of lice? | Biting/Chewing (broad head) and Sucking (narrow head) |
| How is lice transmitted? | Direct contact or through fomites |
| Which are hosts to lice? | All, however cats or birds do not get sucking lice |
| Which tests are done to diagnose lice? | Hair pluck and tape test |
| Name the three burrowing mites (with common name) | Sarcoptes scabiei (canis and suis)Common: Sarcoptic Mange or Scabies, Notoedres cati Common: Feline scabies or Head Mange Mite, Cnemidocoptes Common: Scaley leg mite of birds |
| Describe the characteristics or burrowing mites | 8 legged, circular, suction cups on feet |
| What do burrowing mites feed on? | Epithelial cells and lymph |
| What diagnostic test and treatment is done for burrowing mites? | Skin scrape, and Tx is Revolution, Ivermectin, Insecticidal dips (Avian mite is up to specialist) |
| Name the 3 non burrowing mites (with common name) | Chorioptes Common: Itchy leg mite, Psoroptes Common: Rabbit ear mite/Sheep scale mite, Otodectes Common: Ear mites |
| What do non burrowing mites feed on? | Tissue fluids |
| Name the areas affected by Chorioptes sp. | Mainly in large animals, these mites affect the lower part of hind legs, spreading to shoulders, flank and tail with mild pruritis, crusts of scales and coagulated serum on skin |
| What are the areas affected by Psoroptes? | In rabbits: thick black exudates in ear canal/outside of pinna (head tilt/scratching) Sheep/Cattle/Horses: In thick hair/wool areas, crusty alopecia areas with dry lesions |
| What are the areas affected by ear mites? | External ear canal, could spread to head, paws and tail. ALWAYS BILATERAL |
| What is an Aural Hematoma? | Blood vessels in pinna are broken due to excessive head shaking/trauma |
| What are some other causes of Otitis? | Food allergy, yeast, bacteria |
| What are two other mites? | Cheyletiella Common: Walking dandruff, Demodectes/Demotex Common: Hair follicle mite/Red mange mite |
| What are some characteristics of Cheyletiella? | Octagon body shape, white, macroscopic, horn like mouth parts and is a surface dweller (Dx with tape test or hair pluck) |
| What does Chyletiella affect and what does it feed on? | Mainly cats, rabbits, dogs, birds and humans (dorsal midline and head). It feeds off of keratin debris, tissue or lymph fluid. |
| What is unique about Demodex? | It is a normal flora of the body and has a shape that looks like a cigar. Could also predispose Staph. Aureus and is host specific |
| What areas does Demotectic Mange affect and which are its common hosts? | Mostly dogs (shorthair)and most domestic animals, people. Starts around eyes, alopecia, thick scales, spreads to muzzle, chest and forelimbs. Eats around hair follicles. |
| What is Myiasis? | Invasion of body tissues by maggots |
| What are the 3 bots and what do they affect? | 1) Cuterebra (Rabbit/rodent bot fly-affects rabbits, rodents, squirrels, dogs and cats) 2) Gasterophilus (Stomach bot- affects horses) 3) Oestrus (Nose bot-affects sheep) |
| What is the genus name for Warbles and what does it affect? | Hypodermis, affecting cattle |
| What is the genus for Screw worm flies and what does it affect? | Calliphora, affecting cattle |
| Which 2 parasites take a blood meal other than ticks and fleas? (genus and common name) | 1) Trombicula (Chiggers or red bugs) 2) Malophagus (Keds) |
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