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6th SS PT ALL

6th Social Studies PowerTime Vocab

TermDefinition
Civilization A society in an advanced state of social development with complex legal, political, and religious organizations.
Culture all the knowledge and values shared by a society.
Government the system of people, laws, and officials that define and control the country that you live in.
Politics the activities and affairs involved in managing a state or a government
Unitary Government One central government has all the power and the local governments carry out the decisions of the central government.
Confederations The local governments have most of the power but they come together to form a weak central government to solve the nations problems.
Federations Although the central government is usually supreme, they share power with local governments that also have certain responsibilities.
Autocracies One person, usually a dictator, rules the country with absolute authority. The people have very little to no say in government.
Oligarchies The government is ruled by an elite few, usually a ruling family or a group of generals. Citizens have very little to no say in government.
Democracy Government officials are chosen through elections and citizens participate in government by voting and running for office.
Parliamentary Democracy A type of democracy in which the head of state, the Prime Minister, is chosen by the parliament and serves as the parliaments leader.
Presidential Democracy A type of democracy in which the head of state is elected by the people and does not serve as the leader of the legislature, although he works with the legislature.
Monarchy An autocracy governed by a monarch who usually inherits the authority
Tyranny A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws, etc.)
Social Class People having the same social, economic, or educational status Geography
Atlas a collection of maps in book form
Hemisphere Half of the Earth. The equator divides the Earth into Northern and Southern halves.
Equator The imaginary boundary line between the Northern and Southern hemispheres of the Earth.
Latitude an imaginary line around the Earth that is parallel to the equator. (Horizontal)
Longitude an imaginary line around the Earth that bisects the Earth through the North and South poles. (vertical)
Continent One of the large landmasses of the Earth. The Earth is divided into 7 continents.
Nation A country and its people. A politically organized body of people under a single government.
Country A nation. A body of land with one government.
Island A piece of land surrounded on all sides by water.
Europe The second smallest continent, which includes countries such as France, England, and Ireland.
Canada A nation in North America located to the north of the United States.
Latin America the parts of North America and South America to the south of the United States where Romance languages are spoken.
Caribbean a region that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands, and the surrounding coasts. This region is southeast of the Gulf of Mexico
Australia The smallest continent. It is an island continent that is located in the Southern Hemisphere. It is positioned between the Indian Ocean and the Southwest Pacific ocean. Resources
Economics The study of how people, businesses, and countries use limited resources.
Economy The system of production, distribution, and consumption.
Three Basic Economic Questions What to produce? How to produce? For whom to produce?
Traditional economy People use just what they need to survive, and they inherit their position from their parents. Economic system of many native peoples.
Command economy The government owns the means of production and most of the land. The government answers the three basic economic questions.
Market economies Allow for private ownership of businesses and land. Also known as a capitalist economy.
Profit The amount of money a business makes after it pays for all expenses.
Expenses Money that has to be paid for materials, labor, or other bills.
Market Wherever buyers and sellers exchange money and goods.
Mixed economies Has characteristics of both command and market economies. Almost all modern economic systems are this kind.
International Trade Occurs when nations choose to exchange goods with one another. It is necessary because no nation can produce everything it wants or needs.
Specialization When a country chooses to produce what it is best at. It forces countries to participate in international trade because countries cannot produce everything they want or need.
Imports Goods a country buys from another country.
Exports Goods a country sells to another country. trade barriers
natural trade barriers They are barriers because they are hard to cross and make it difficult for people in different communities to trade. Examples are mountains, deserts, and rain forests.
political trade barriers Rules passed by governments to regulate trade. They are often intended to help a country's own producers be more competitive in the market place. Examples are tariffs, quotas, and embargos.
Taxes A charge incurred by a citizen’s person, property, or activity for the support of government
Levy taxes charge and collect taxes.
Tariff Taxes on imported goods. They raise prices on foreign imported goods, making locally made goods cheaper; therefore, they help local businesses.
Quotas The limit the amount of foreign goods that may be imported in a given amount of time.
Embargo When one nation refuses to trade with another nation.
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) An agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico to remove all tariffs to increase trade between the three countries.
Currency Something that is assigned value. It can be used to buy goods and services in a market. It is usually called money.
Created by: stacychambers
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