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Lecture 33
Renal Control-Secretion-Filtrate Dilution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Renin-Angiotensin System | Maintain BP by inc Na+ and H2O reab. Dec renal BP leads to release of renin from kidney JG cells. Renin is a protease. |
| Production of Angiotensin 2 | Renin converts angiotesinogen into angiotensin 1. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) converts A1 to A2. ACE is in the walls of lung capillaries |
| Effects of Ang 2 | Powerful vasoconstrictor leads to inc BP causes release of aldosterone from adrenal cortex. |
| ACE Inhibitors | Block production of Ang. 2. used as treatment for hypertension. few side effects, but may produce fetal development problems. |
| Tubular Secretion | Xtra removal from plasma, carries and pumps more material from tubular cells into filtrate. most secretion is at proximal tubule. organic acids and bases secreted:poisons,medicines,dyes,food additives. |
| Renal Blood Flow-PAH | PAH is totally secreted from plasma. appearance in urine proportional to renal blood flow RBC ~ 20-25% of cardiac output. |
| H+ Secretion | carbon,canhydrase in tubular cells makes H+ and HCO-. H+ secreted in both the proximal and distal tubules. uses Na+-H+ countertransport, H+ into filtrate. HCO3- leads to interstitial fluid,net loss of H+. |
| K+ Secretion | K+ reabsorbed in exchange for NA+ in prximal tubule. the na+ pump actvity inc tubular cell K+ which inc its secretion by the proximal tubule cells. since k+ and h+ both exchange w/ na+, an inc in the secretion of one dec secretion of the other. |
| Plasma Clearance | measure of kidneys ability to remove a sub. from the plasma. it is the vol of plasma, from which an amount of material has been removed.glucose has 0 clearance.if a sub is filtered but not secrted or reab like insulin,its plasma clearance is the GFR. |
| Loop of Henle | Creates osmotic gradient in kidney medulla.300 mOsm at cortex,1200 mOsm in deep medulla. filtrate at the end of the loop is 100 mOsm. plasma is 300 mOsm. |
| Countercurrent Multiplication | descending limb of loop is h2o permeable. ascending linb is h20 impermeable-h+,k+,cl- pumped out.filtrate entering distal tubule always dilute~100 mOsm |
| Plasma Clearance cont. | if sub like PAH is filtered and entirely secreted,its plasma clearance is the renal blood flow~20-25% of CO> |
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