click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Phys Spring 4 Lec 2
Pituitary Hormones & Hypothalamic Control Part I
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What does the anterior pituitary produce? | GH, ACTH, TSH, FSH & LH, PRL (prolacin) |
What does the posterior pituitary produce? | ADH, oxytocin |
What sort of information does the hypothalamus receive? | 1. Internal homeostasis (water levels, electrolytes, etc), 2. limbic system responses (stress, fear, strong emotion), 3. circadian rhythms, 4. olfactory sensations |
Which hormones does the hypothalamus release onto the anterior pituitary? | Releasing hormones - stimulatory or inhibitory |
What is the action of GH? | Stimulates body growth, lipid & CHO metabolism |
What is the action of ACTH? | Glucocorticoid from the adrenal cortex |
What is the action of TSH? | Production of thyroid hormones, maintenance of thyroid cell size |
What is the action of FSH? | Ovarian follicles and spermatogenesis |
What is the action of LH? | Steroidogenic effect on gonads |
What is the action of PRL? | Stimulates milk production |
Discuss the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system | The artery --> base of pituitary breaks up into capillaries, receives releasing hormones from hypothalamus, forms into small veins, then breaks up again into capillaries in the anterior lobe |
Discuss hypothalamic neurons in the pituitary gland | Anterior lobe: neurons end on blood vessels; Posterior lobe: neuron endings for the posterior lobe |
Discuss releasing hormones | Formed in hypothalamic neurons, released like NT from axon terminals. Some are stimulatory, some are inhibitory |
What are the (4) stimulating releasing hormones from the hypothalamus? | 1. TRH (stimulates TSH); 2. GnRH (stimulates FSH & LH); 3. CRH (Stimulates ACTH); 4. GHRH (stimulates GH) - all small peptides |
What are the (3)inhibitory releasing hormones from the hypothalamus? | 1. Somatostatin (inhibits GH) - a small peptide; 2. Dopamine/PIH (prolactin-inhibiting hormone); 3. GnIH - Gonadotropic inhibitory hormone |