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220-802 Topics
220-802 OSes, Troubleshooting, Networking, Security
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Windows 7 Editions: Available only to OEMs. Comes in 32-bit version only. Common on netbooks. | Starter |
| Windows 7 Editions: Aero, Homegroups, Windows Media Center. | Home Premium |
| Windows 7 Editions: Ability to join to a domain and added administrative tools. | Professional |
| Windows 7 Editions: Includes additional features such as bitlocker. Available only to Microsoft Software Assurance customers. | Enterprise |
| Windows 7 Editions: Includes all features available in any edition of Windows 7 | Ultimate |
| Windows 7 32-bit System Requirements - Processor, RAM, Disk Space, Graphics. | 1GHz or faster, 1 GB RAM (32-bit), 16 GB Disk space (32-bit), Graphics hardware supporting DirectX 9 with a WDDM 1.0 or higher driver. |
| Windows 7 64-bit System Requirements - Processor, RAM, Disk Space, Graphics. | 1GHz or faster, 2 GB RAM (64-bit), 20 GB Disk Space (64-bit),Graphics hardware supporting DirectX 9 with a WDDM 1.0 or higher driver. |
| Windows 7 Starter maximum RAM and processors supported. | 2 GB, 1 processor |
| Windows 7 Home Premium : Max RAM and processors supported. | 16 GB, 1 processor |
| Windows 7 Professional, Enterprise and Ultimate : Maximum RAM and processors supported. | 192 GB, 2 processors |
| Windows XP Editions: Home users, basic capabilities. | XP Home |
| Windows XP Editions: Business users. Join a domain, encrypt files, use RDP | XP Professional |
| Windows XP Editions: Enhanced edition of XP Home with multimedia capabilities. For watching and recording TV shows, watch DVDs and listen to music. | XP Media Centger |
| Windows XP Editions: For more memory and power. Runs on AMD64 and Intel 64 processors | XP 64-bit Professional (Intel and AMD x86-64 processors) XP 64-bit (for Intel Itanium Processors) |
| XP System Requirements: Processor, RAM, Disk. Minimum and Recommended | 233Mhz/300MHz, 64MB/128MB, 1.5GB disk space (minimum). |
| Windows XP: Maximum RAM and processors supported | Home - 4GB, 1 processor Professional & Media Center 4GB, 2 processors 64 bit versions - 128 GB, 2 processors |
| Windows Vista Editions: Basic edition for home users. Doesn’t include Aero. | Vista Home Basic |
| Windows Vista Editions: Many more capabilities for home users and is comparable to XP Media Center edition. | Vista Home Premium |
| Windows Vista Editions: Targeted at businesses and enterprises. Allows domain joining, encrypted files and offline files. | Vista Business |
| Windows Vista Editions: Similar to Windows 7 Enterprise edition. Software assurance customers only. Adds bitlocker and other additional features | Vista Enterprise |
| Windows Vista Editions: Includes all features available in any version of Windows Vista PLUS additional features that aren’t in any other edition, such as some games, active backgrounds using Windows DreamScene. | Vista Ultimate |
| Windows Vista System Requirements: Processor, RAM, Disk Space, Graphics. Minimum and Recommended. | 800 MHz / 1GHz, 512MB / 1 GB, 20GB with 15GB free, 40GB with 15GB free, Hardware Supporting DirectX9 WDDM 32MB video RAM for home basic and 128MB video RAM for other editions. |
| Windows Vista System Limits: Processors and RAM for all editions. | MAX processors 1 for home basic and home premium, 2 for all others. 4GB ram for all 32bit versions, 8GB, 16GB for home basic and home premium respectively, 128 for business, enterprise and ultimate. |
| Action center was new to which version of Windows? | Vista |
| Which version of Windows did not include Easy transfer or shadow copy? | XP |
| Libraries and XP mode are available only in which version of Windows? | Windows 7 |
| Windows sidebar is available only in which version of Windows? | Vista |
| Security center was a component of which version of Windows? | XP |
| Shows a thumbnail of a running program when hovering over it on the taskbar. | Aero Peek |
| Allows quick desktop access. | Peek |
| Easy way to arrange windows (top – full screen, left – half screen, right- half screen) | Snap |
| minimizes all programs except for the one you’re shaking. Also can restore other programs by shaking again | Shake |
| UAC options on Windows 7 | Always Notify, Notofy me only when programs try to make changes to my computer (Dimmed/Secure Desktop), Notify me only when programs try to make changes to my computer (Don't dim desktop), Never notify. |
| UAC options on Windows Vista | On or Off |
| Where to access UAC settings on Vista vs Windows 7. | Vista: Control Panel, User accounts, Turn UAC on or off 7: Control Panel, Action center, Change UAC settings. |
| Windows - Common File Locations - Root Drive | C:\ |
| Windows - Common File Locations - Program Files | C:\Program Files or C:\Program Files (x86) |
| Windows - Common File Locations - Windows Files | C:\Windows |
| Windows - Common File Locations - System Files | C:\Windows\System32 |
| Windows - Common File Locations - Temporary Files | C:\Windows\Temp |
| Windows - Common File Locations - Offline Files | C:\Windows\CSC (also referred to as Client Side Cache) |
| Windows - Common File Locations - Fonts | C:\Windows\Fonts |
| Partition where the files necessary to boot the system are located is called the.. | System partition (C:\) |
| Partition where the windows system files are located.. | Boot partition (C:\Windows) |
| During install, this 100 MB partition is listed as Disk 0 Partition 1 | System Reserved |
| The System Reserved Partition contains... | System boot files, Bitlocker drive encryption, Windows RE. System reserved partition |
| Used to transfer files and settings from earlier versions of Windows to Windows 7. It's easy to use when migrating a single user's computer, such as in a home or small office environment. It does not transfer installed programs and requires admin rights. | Windows Easy Transfer. Comes with Windows 7 and must be installed on XP or Vista. |
| Three methods of transferring files and settings with Windows Easy Transfer. | Easy Transfer Cable (Specialized USB), Network, External Hard Drive or USB. |
| Windows tool that can be used to save user data and settings in larger environments. Includes two primary tools that run from the command line and can be scripted. | User State Migration Tool (USMT) |
| USMT: Scans a system for data and settings on the computer and stores it in a migration file. It can be saved on a USB drive or network share. | Scanstate |
| USMT: Reads the data from the migration file and loads it into the new operating system. You can run it after replacing the computer or completing a new installation. | Loadstate |
| Commands to start common snap-ins: Task Scheduler | taskschd.msc |
| Commands to start common snap-ins: Event Viewer | eventvwr.msc |
| Commands to start common snap-ins: Performance | perfmon.msc |
| Commands to start common snap-ins: Services | services.msc |
| Commands to start common snap-ins: Local Security Policy | secpol.msc |
| Commands to start common snap-ins: Local Group Policy Settings | gpedit.msc |
| Commands to start common snap-ins: Advanced Windows Firewall | wf.msc |
| Control panel tool for managing printers, XP, Vista, 7. | Printers and Faxes, Printers, Devices and Printers |
| Command Prompt: Shortcut key that retrieves the first command in the history list. | Page Up |
| Command Prompt: Shortcut key that retrieves the last command in the history list. | Page Down |
| Command Prompt: Clears the current command. | Esc |
| Command Prompt: Command to view the contents of a .txt file on the command line | Type |
| Command Prompt: Sent command output to the clipboard. | | clip |
| Command Prompt: Attrib - A, H, I, R, S | Archive, Hidden, Not Indexed, Read Only, System |
| Dir Switches: Formats the output in a wide list with fewer details | /w |
| Dir Switches: Displays files that have specific attributes. | /a (/ah hidden, /as system, /ar read only, etc) |
| Dir Switches: Displays a bare format with no heading or summary. | /b |
| Dir Switches: Includes the name of the owner of the file. | /q |
| Dir Switches: Lists all files in the current directory and all subdirectories. | /s |
| Windows Commands: To create a directory, multiple directories or directories and chile directories. | md or mkdir |
| Windows Commands: Change directory | cd or chdir |
| Windows Commands: Remove directory Switches to delete subdirectories and suppress the prompt. | rm or rmdir /s includes subdirectories /q quiet mode (removes the 'are you sure?') |
| Windows Commands: Delete individual files | del (or erase). Can also accept wildcards. |
| Common del switches: Prompt, Force, Subdirectories, Quite | /p, /f, /s, /q |
| Windows Commands: Changing drives | Drive letter followed by colon. |
| Windows Commands: Copy files and /or folders | copy |
| System Boot Files on XP: This is a small program that loads the Windows operating system based on the contents of the Boot.ini file. | NTLDR |
| System Boot Files on XP: This text file identifies the disk, partition and folder where Windows is located. On multiboot systems, it includes locations of different OSes and specifies a default OS. | Boot.ini |
| System Boot Files on XP: NTLDR starts this to detect system hardware. | Ntdetect.com |
| When NTLDR completes the initial load, it runs the ___________________ program from the \Windows|system32 folder. This starts XP. | ntoskrnl.exe |
| System Boot Files Vista/7: This is a hidden system file at the root of the system partition. | bootmgr |
| System Boot Files Vista/7: Used instead of the Boot.ini file to identify the location of the operating system. On multiboot systems, it includes information for additional OSes and a default OS. It is located in the \boot folder of the system partition. | BCD (Boot configuration data) |
| Registry Hives: Settings that apply to the local computer are stored here. | HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE (HKLM) |
| Registry Hives: These settings apply to all users. | HKEY_USERS (HKU) |
| Registry Hives: These settings apply only to the user who is currently logged on. | HKEY_CURRENT_USER (HKCU) |
| Registry Hives: When the computer starts, it identifies and stores the current configuration here. | HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG (HKCC) |
| Registry Hives: Data used by different software applications are stored here. For example, it includes file associations that associate specific file extensions with applications. | HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT (HKCR) |
| To access system restore on Windows 7 / Vista and on XP | Vista/7: System Properties -> System Protection Tab XP / Vista / 7: Start -> All Programs -> Accessories -> System Tools -> System Restore |
| Page file size should be managed by Windows, but if you are going to adjust this setting, you should ensure that the maximum size of the page file is at least ______ times the amount of RAM installed on the system. | 1.5 |
| If unsigned drivers are suspected on a system, this tool can search and find them | File Signature Verification Utility (Sigverif) |
| This Backup utility is included with XP and allows users to easily pick and choose which files they want to back up / restore. It is also possible to backup the entire computer to external devices or network locations | Backup and Restore Wizard |
| This backup utility is included with Windows Vista. It allows you to backup and restore files, configure automatic backups, and perform complete PC backup of the entire system. It also can backup by category (music, pictures, etc.) | Backup and Restore Center. Vista Limitations: Cannot backup to USB drives (pointless, LOL) and image backups cannot be saved to the network. |
| This backup utility was originally released in Vista and was improved upon in Windows 7. Two limitations were removed. | Backup and Restore Center. With Windows 7 full image backups can be saved to the network and data can be backed up to USB drives that are 1GB or larger. Image backups are not available for home editions of 7 or Vista. |
| MBR Disk Limitations: Maximum hard disk size supported and maximum partitions. | 2TB Max drive support, 4 max partitions (4 primary or 3 primary 1 extended) |
| GPT partitions are only bootable for this version of Windows. | 64 bit Windows 7 and only if the system is EFI. |
| Where are the boot files for XP stored? | Root of C:\ |
| Where are boot files for Windows Vista/7 stored? | 100MB System reserved partition |
| If a graphics driver is configured incorrectly, this will allow you to boot into windows and change settings. | Enable low resolution video (from advanced startup options) It's called enable VGA mode in XP. |
| If the system has a corrupted driver or service, enabling this will help to identify the problem. | Enable boot logging |
| Where does the boot log save information to? | C:\windows\ntbtlog.txt |
| Revert changes from a previously logged on session. Based on Control Sets in the Windows registry. | Last known good configuration |
| You can change this setting if the Windows system is stuck in a restart loop where it fails to start, tries to restart, and fails again over and over. | Disable automatic restart on system failure |
| Advanced Startup Options: This is an advanced troubleshooting mode used to troubleshoot advanced software problems. | Debugging mode |
| Advanced Startup Options: You use this only on Windows Servers that are configured as domain controllers. They run Active Directory Domain Services, but a Windows 7 based system cannot be a domain controller. | Directory Services Restore Mode |
| The _____________ ____________ is available in Windows XP and is used to run commands that can repair problems with the MBR, boot sector, and Boot.ini files. | Recovery Console |
| Windows XP Recovery Console Commands: Repair MBR | fixboot |
| Windows XP Recovery Console Commands: Repairs the master boot record | fixmbr |
| Windows XP Recovery Console Commands: Rebuilds the boot.ini file | bootcfg /rebuild |
| Windows Vista/7 Recovery Environment Commands: Repair the MBR | bootrec /fixmbr |
| Windows Vista/7 Recovery Environment Commands: This writes a new boot sector onto the system partition. It is useful if an earlier version of Windows has been installed after Windows 7 or Vista and the boot sector has been corrupted. | bootrec /fixboot |
| Windows Vista/7 Recovery Environment Commands: This rebuilds the BCD file on the computer. It forces a full scan of disks to locate bootable operating sustems and re-creates the BCD file similarly to how bootcfg /rebuild creates the Boot.ini file on XP. | bootrec /rebuildbcd |
| Windows Vista/7 Recovery Environment Commands: This scans a system, looking for operating systems on the computer | bootrec /scanos |
| Safe mode Active Directory repair | Option found in system configuration under boot tab. This is the same as choosing 'Safe mode with command prompt' from advanced boot options. |
| Name three possible causes for spontaneous shutdowns / restarts. | Malware infection, Faulty RAM, Faulty power supply |
| Name a possible cause for a device that fails to start | Driver problem. Reinstall / update. |
| Troubleshooting steps for a service that won't start | Check event viewer logs (system). CHeck services applet. Check to make sure the service isn't disabled and check dependencies. |
| Common causes of slow system performance | Too many apps running, program or process hung up, malware infection, excessive paging. Check performance monitor for high CPU usage and find out which process is consuming CPU time. Some processes can be set to lower priority (not system processes) |
| Common causes for booting to safe mode. | Set to boot to safe mode in system configuration. Malware infection. |
| Causes for missing NTLDR or boot.ini message | System is trying to boot to a non-bootable disc, problem with NTLDR or boot.ini or incorrect BIOS config. |
| Recovery Console Command: Manually copy NTLDR and Ntdetect.com from XP install disk. | copy d:\i386\ntldr c:\ copy d:\i386\ntdetect.com c:\ |
| Troubleshooting steps for fixing an XP machine that won't boot | 1. Verify boot order in BIOS 2. Repair or replace boot.ini file 3. Fix boot sector 4. Fix the MBR 5. Manually copy NTLDR and ntdetect.com from XP install disc |
| On Vista/7, the following errors indicate an issue with ___________ 'Bootmgr not found' 'Bootmgr missing' | the MBR |
| Troubleshooting steps for MBR problems on Vista/7. | 1. Verify boot order in BIOS 2. Repair or replace BCD. (bootrec /rebuildbcd) 3. Fix boot sector (bootrec /fixboot) Fix the MBR (bootrec /fixmbr) Startup repair option can check and often fix these problems without user intervention. |
| System Configuration (msconfig): Where you can change start options: Normal startup, Diagnostic startup, Selective startup. | General Tab |
| System Configuration (msconfig) : In Windows Vista and 7, this tab allows you to control how the system starts. This can be useful for dual-boot systems. | Boot Tab |
| System Configuration (msconfig) : Lists all available services and current status. If disabled lists date and time when it was disabled. Options limited here compared to services applet. | Services Tab |
| System Configuration (msconfig) : Shows all the applications that are configured to start when Windows starts. | Startup Tab |
| RAID configurations supported on Windows dynamic disks. | RAID-0 (2+ disks), RAID-1 (Win 7 only, 2 disks), RAID-5 (servers only 3+ disks) |
| Hard Disks: Complete circle around the hard drive is called | Track |
| Hard Disks: Tracks are logically separated into track _____________. A __________ can be from 512 bytes to 2KB in size. | Sector |
| Hard Disks: A ___________ is a group of multiple sectors. ____________ are also known as allocation units and are the smallest element of a drive to which an operating system can write. | Cluster; Sizes vary between file systems, but clusters are commonly 4096 bytes or 4KB. |
| FAT16 maximum partition size and maximum file size. | 4GB partition, 2GB file |
| FAT32 maimum partition size and maximum file size. | 32GB partition, 4GB file (It's possible to create larger partitions by using utilities on other OSes, and Windows can recognize and use them) |
| Older filesystem that supports partition sizes beyond 32GB. It's not widely supported on non-Windows systems. | exFAT (FAT64) |
| When adding a new disk to a Windows system you must ______________ it before it can be recognized and used by Windows. | Initialized. This can be done with disk management. |
| Command to format a disk with NTFS and assign it drive letter P. | format p: /fs:ntfs |
| Alternative to spanned volume that doesn't require dynamic disks. A mount point folder path to the new disk is created rather than assigning a letter to the new disk. | Mounted volume. Mounted volumes can be mounted only on empty NTFS folders. |
| Used to identify and resolve problems with disks and RAID arrays. If you run it without any switches, it will run a check on the current disk and report the results back. However, it does not attempt any repairs unless one of the switches are used. | chkdsk /f fixes errors /r fixes errors and recovers data if possible |
| The ________ command can be used to convert a volume from FAT to NTFS. Data is retained, however to convert back to FAT from NTFS, the drive must first be reformatted. | convert |
| Defrag command switches: Perform analysis of drive (but don't defrag). Defrag all drives on the system. | /a analysis /c all drives on the system |
| Administrative drive shares are identified as.. | Drive letter followed by $ |
| Administrative share for print drivers | Print$ |
| Administrative share for Windows folder | Admin$ |
| By default, any user account in the domain has permissions to join up to _____ computers to the domain. Administrative permissions are not needed. | 10 |
| Internet Settings: This page includes settings for home page, browsing history, search, tabs and appearance. | General Tab |
| Internet Settings: Internet security settings. Can customize security levels for 4 zones; Restricted sites, trusted sites, local intranet, internet | Security Tab |
| Internet Settings: For configuring cookies. Also has settings for Location, Pop-up blocker and InPrivate. | Privacy Tab |
| Internet Settings: Has settings for Parental controls, content advisor, certificates, autocomplete, feeds and webslices. | Content Tab |
| Internet Settings: Shows dial-up and VPN settings. (Proxy under LAN settings button on this screen) | Connections Tab |
| Internet Settings: Incldues settings for Default web browser, manage add-ons, HTML editing, internet programs. | Programs Tab |
| Internet Settings: Several low-level settings that can be manipulated for specific purposes. Includes restore advanced settings and reset IE settings. | Advanced Tab |
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