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Unit 2 -- GOPO

Unit 2 flashcards dance emoji

Question	Answer
What is demography?	the science of human populations.
How often does the census occur?	every 10 years.
Why is conducting the census a hard job?	not everyone responds.
What did the Census Bureau place an advertisement on in 2010 to attempt to appeal to more citizens?	a race-car
What does the census help us conclude?	the population and how much the government spends on infrastructure.
How many LEGAL immigrants does the US allow annually?	1 Million.
About how many illegal immigrants come to the US annually?	500,000
What nationality are the most recent wave of immigrants?	Hispanics.
What year was the Chinese Exclusion Act established?	1882
What was the Chinese Exclusion Act?	It banned any more Chinese immigrating to the US, because they were taking the jobs.
What is minority-majority?	when the minority becomes the majority.
What are the 2 types of minorities?	popular and social
Why is America often called the Melting Pot?	Because it is a nation of many cultures, ideas and peoples blending into one.
What are the 3 economic minorities?	Hispanics, Blacks and Native Americans.
True or False -- By the mid 21st century, most of the USA will be Hispanic.	True
What are the three categories that immigrants are roughly categorized in?	family sponsored, employment sponsored and refugees.
About how many unauthorized persons reside in the US?	10.8 Million
What was the Simpson-Mazzoli act?	it made sure that employers document the citizenship of their employees.
What is the highest achieving immigrant group in the US?	Asian-Americans.
What is political culture?	The overall set of values that a nation shares.
what is reapportionment?	giving back the 435 seats in the House of Rep. Happens every census.
True or False -- America's population is overall getting older.	True
Who pays for the Elderly?	the young, tax-payers.
What is Political socialization?	the process through which an individual acquires his or her political orientations.
True or False -- only a small portion of American's political learning is formal.	true
What are the three ways of political socialization?	Family, media and school
True or False -- More often than not, kids tend to have the same political affiliation as their parents.	true
How does the media influence your political affiliation?	it's often where kids get most of their "information".
What is the most influential political socialization factor?	family
How does school effect your political views?	teachers teach you how to be a good citizen and what is good and what's not. (((brainwash)))
At what age does turnout peak?	around 70
true or false -- young adults lack political experience.	true
True or false -- politics is a lifelong activity.	true
What is a sample?	a relatively small proportion of people who are chosen in a survey to represent the whole.
What is random sampling?	people are randomly chosen to be surveyed. everyone has the equal chance, so that polls are correctly represented.
What is a sampling error?	the level of confidence in the findings of opinion poll.
Who is Gallup?	the father of polling
What is the typical number of people surveyed in a poll?	1,500 to 2,000
If 60% say something what can we be sure the true figure is?	57 to 63% (+ 3 or - 3)
What happened with the 1936 Literary Digest poll?	they surveyed too many people and were off by a landslide, they became a laughing stock and went out of business.
What source of polls are most popular?	cellphones, phone calls, websites.
Have sampling sizes gotten bigger or smaller?	smaller.
Random digit sampling?	a way used by pollsters to place telephone calls randomly to both listed and unlisted numbers when conducting a survey.
True or False -- Random digit samplings can only call cellphones, calling landlines is illegal.	true
How is random digit sampling difficult?	not everyone has a cellphone.
True or False -- A harder technique of polling is emailing/internet and phone.	false!
How are polls good?	the people have a voice and they are represented.
How are polls bad?	politicians can bend to fit what people want to get votes.
True or False -- polls make it harder to get feedback.	false
What is an exit poll?	it's polling every 10th person after they vote.
What is horse race journalism?	when the media focuses on standings on issues.
True or false -- Pollsters can manipulate responses by wording.	true
True or False -- All people are much informed on the world and politics around them in the US	FALSE
True or False -- the trust in government has increased greatly	false !
What is political ideology?	a coherent set of beliefs about politics, public policy and public purpose, which helps give meaning to political events.
What kind of government scope do liberals support?	a wide scope
what kind of government scope do conservatives support?	a small scope.
What do Liberals believe the government should do?	step up.
what do conservatives believe the government should do?	back off!
what are the two main political ideologies>	liberal and conservatives
What political ideology are most of America?	conservative.
True or False -- younger people tend to be more liberal.	true
True or False -- 6/10 people under 30 believe gay marriage shouldn't be legal.	false, the opposite!
What is the gender gap?	refers to patterns by which women are more likely to support Democratic candidates. Women tend to be significantly less conservative than men and are more likely to support spending on social services and to oppose higher levels of military spending
Are women a social minority?	yes
True or False -- Women are more likely to be liberal and vote democratic	True
What is majority of religion in the US	protestant
True or False -- Some people vote for the benefits of groups	true
True or False -- in the 1950s they cared more about political parties	false
True or False -- Liberals are often more likely to be for gay rights.	true
What is political participation?	all the activities used by citizens to influence the selection of political leaders or the policies they pursue. The most common, but not the only, means of political participation in a democracy is voting.
True or False -- most Americans are proud of democracy.	true
can politcal participation be violent?	yes
what is protest?	a form of political participation designed to achieve policy change through dramatic and unconventional tactics.
True or False -- less people voted in the presidential election than in the midterm elections	false
Conventional participation	voting, persuading others, ringing doorbells for petition, running for office, etc.
Unconventional Participation	dramatic things, protesting, civil disobedience, and even violence.
What is the most popular way of political participation?	voting
Civil disobedience	a form of political participation that reflects a conscious decision to break a law believed to be immoral and to suffer the consequences.
True or False -- media love covering cases on protests.	true
How can protesters use violence >	to pressure the gov to change.
are americans more involved or less involved?	less involved.
What kind of people are more likely to donate more?	rich
Are political participation rates equal or unequal among americans?	unequal.
True or False -- African Americans are less likely to vote.	true
in 2004 did whites or blacks vote more?	whyt
True or False -- Non-participants are easier to ignore.	trueeee
True or False -- it's easier to not care about those who don't	true
True or false -- inequality p.p in democracy is good.	noooooooooooooooooooooooooo
do rich people participate more	yes
do more countries wish they had democracies?	yas they do
is the average person well informed about political issues?	noooo
do republicans think that government has become too big>>	yas they do
True or False -- most people think that the government is doing too much	tru
True or false -- most American's love big gov and hate it's practice.	false, the opposite
Do american's take for granted the opportunity to replace their leaders?	yes
does voting allow people's voices to be heard?	yes
have americans become well socialized in democracy or nah	yas
true or false -- Americans are more likely to have contacted politicians than citizens of most other democracies	tru
True or false -- one reason that the government took longer to aid the African Americans is bc they are less likely to vote	sadly tru lol
what is one of the quotas for immigration?	has limits to how many people can immigrate to the US and become citizens.
True or False -- Whilst campaigning, presidential candidates have plenty of freetime.	false lol
True or False -- Some people believe the cure for problems in democracy is more democracy.	true
What are the two types of campaigns?	nomination campaigns and election campaigns.
What is an incumbent?	the person already in office.
What is a nomination?	the official endorsement of a candidate for office by a political party. Success in nominations requires money, media, and the "big mo'"
What is a campaign strategy?	the master game plan candidates lay out to guide their electoral college.
What is the national party convention?	the supreme power within each of the parties. meets every four years to nominate the party'es presidential and vice-presidential candidates and to write the party's platform.
What are the 3 big M's?	Money, Media and Momentum.
What is the year like before the election?	very, very busy.
When does the National Party Convention take place?	summer.
When do candidates usually start campaigning?	the summer of the year before the year of the election.
What are delegates?	people who cote on behalf of others.
When does the presidential primary take place?	spring
What was the McGovern-Fraser Commission?	A commission formed at the 1968 Democratic Convention in response to demands for reform bu minority groups and others who sought better representation.
What did the McGovern-Fraser Commission result in?	for national party conventions to be open.
Who demanded the conventions be an open process?	minorities.
What are primaries?	where parties choose candidates to run in the election.
what are superdelegates?	National party leaders who automatically get a delegate slot at the national party convention
What are invisible primaries?	A system for selecting convention delegates used in about a dozen states in which votes must attend an open meeting to express their presidential preference.
During Invisible primaries what do candidates work carefully to create??	a positive personal image among the media, political elite, and people who vote.
When do caucuses occur?	spring
What are presidential primaries?	elections in which a state's voters for to the polls to express their preference for a party's nominee for president.
Is caucus participation higher or lower?	much lower.
True or False -- Iowa is one of the most important caucuses.	true
True or false -- Iowa can make big impacts for candidates.	true
What two states' caucuses in 2008 got the most attention?	New Hampshire and Iowa
True or False -- Prominent politicians find it hard to take time out of their duties to run.	true
What is the turnout levels for caucuses and primaries?	low
True or False -- -More people watch speeches than sports.	false
What do party leaders fear during the convention?	negative publicity.
What are the three goals of national convention?	nominate party candidates, create party platform, and energize the platform.
Was is the main goal of the convention?	nominating a candidate for president.
What happens if they're is a tie at the convention?	they repeat the process as many times as needed.
What is the presidential campaign essentially?	a mass media campaign
How do most people these days learn about politics?	internet
Who mostly uses the internet to learn about government and politics?	younger people
True or False -- more people donate now because of internet.	true !
What is Internet's biggest impact on politics?	donations.
What type of people donate more?	rich
What's direct mail?	a method of raising money for a political cause or candidate, in which information and requests for money are sent to people whose names appear on lists of those who have supported similar views or candidates in the past.
True or False -- politicians shifted to mail because it's cheaper and easier.	true
About how many email addresses did Obama have in 2012?	13 million
What are the two types of media attention candidates get?	free and paid.
What is most of the attention candidates get?	television commercials.
True or False -- most money is spent on tv ads, but that might decrease.	true
True or False -- in a campaign there are only a few parts of the team.	false
Campaign contributions?	donations that are made directly to a candidate or a party and that must be reported to the FEC. allowed to donate 2,500 dollars individually, and 30,800 dollars to a party.
what are independent expenditures?	expenses on behalf of a political message that are made bu groups that are uncoordinated with any candidate's campaign.
What is the Federal Election Campaign Act?	a law passed in 1974 for reforming campaign finances. The act created the Federal Election Commission and provided for limits on and disclosure of campaign contributions.
what is a political action committee?	groups that raise money from individuals and then distribute it in the form of contributions to candidates that the groups supports.
What is the Federal Election Commission?	a six-member bipartisan agency created by the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1974. The Federal Election Commission administers and enforces campaign finance laws.
True or False -- The FECA was the first attempt to clean things up.	True
what is bipartisan?	both sides.
What do sites like opensecrets.org and funrace.org do?	list amount collected by candidates and lists everyone who contributed and how much.
What is soft money?	political contributions earmarked for party-building expenses at the grassroots level or for generic party advertising. For a time they were unlimited until banned by the McCain-Feingold act.
What was Buckley v Valeo?	it resulted in the act that said candidates could donate however much they wanted to their own campaign.
McCain - Feingold	McCain created the bill in 2002 to eliminate soft money campaign finance to avoid that happening again, act said no more soft money from parties, upheld by the supreme court. also restricted hard money contribution
why do some scholars say that money has a hydraulic trait to it?	because it always finds its way into politics.
What are 527 groups?	independent political groups that are not subject to contribution restrictions bc they do not directly seek the election of particular candidates.
What is Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission?	a 2010 landmark Supreme Court case that ruled that individuals, corporations, and unions could donate unlimited amounts of money to groups that make independent political expenditures.
What are 501(c) groups?	groups that are exempted from reporting their contributions and can receive unlimited contributions.
What are Super PACs?	Independent expenditure-only PACs are known as Super PACs bc they may accept donations of any size and can endorse candidates. must be reported periodically to the FEC.
Super PACs can't spend what?	more than half their money on political stuff.
What is the limit of money that a PAC can accept from an individual each year?	5,000
What are the 4 Super PAC rules?	can't give money directly to candidates, can't say "Vote For" in commercials, unlimited spending on ads, most money goes to TV ads.
True or False -- Incumbents usually win their mid-term elections.	true
True or False -- you can't win the election if you spend less.	false
What is selective perception?	the phenomenon that people's beliefs often guide what they pay the most attention to and how they interpret events.
what is suffrage>	the right to vote.
What are the 3 effects on voters?	reinforcement, activation and conversion.
True or False -- they rarely convert.	true
Who are the people who can't vote?	non-citizens and criminals
What is usually the % of people who vote in the general and mid-term elections?	60% general, 40% mid.
What is one of the main reasons people don't vote?	the election is mid-week.
what is political efficacy?	the belief that one's political participation really matters.
what is civic duty?	the belief that in order to support democratic government, a citizen should vote.
what is voter registration?	a system adopted by the states that requires voters to register prior to voting. Some states require citizens to register as much as 3 days in advance, whereas others let you register the day of.
What is the Motor Voter Act?	the 1993 act that requires states to permit people to register to vote when they apply for a driver's license.
True or False -- people who can see different are less likely to vote.	false
Citizens who have higher political efficacy are ___ likely to vote?	more
How has the Motor Voter Act affected turnout?	not at all.
What did voter ID laws prevent?	voter fraud
true or false -- though you may have a low Political Efficacy, you may vote anyway because of a strong sense of civic duty.	true
What political party is against voter ID laws.	democrats
How could the gov get more Americans to vote?	fine, require it, having it on a holiday, less frequent elections
If you're less educated are you more or less likely to vote?	less
what age group is more likely to vote?	older people
What race(s) are more likely to vote?	white and asians.
Youth typically have what kind of turnout?	lower.
What gender is more likely to vote?	female
what marital status is more likely to vote?	married people.
if you work for the government are you more or less likely to vote?	more
What is the mandate theory of elections?	the idea that the winning candidate has a mandate from the people to carry out his or her platforms and politics.
True or False -- if you say you'll do something in the election you have to do it if you get elected.	true
Some people vote mainly on ______?	their parties.
What are floating voters?	voters that change political parties left and right.
True or False -- appearance of candidates can effect voters.	true !
What are the 3 things that affect voters' decisions?	party, policy, people
What is policy voting?	electoral choices that are made on the basis of the voters' policy preferences and where the candidates stand on policy issues.
what is self deportation?	saying that they won't make immigrants leave but they will ask.
Whats the Electoral College	the institution created by the Constitution. They actually determine the president.
What happened in the 2000 election?	though Al Gore got the popular vote, the electoral college chose George W. Bush.
What are battleground states?	the key states that the presidential campaigns focus on bc they are most likely to decide the outcome of the EC vote.
what is winner take all?	the winner of the election gets all the electoral votes.
what happens if there is no majority>	it goes to the house

Created by: 1415mckaylablair

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Unit 2 -- GOPO

Unit 2 flashcards *dance emoji*

Unit 2 flashcards dance emoji