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Neuroanatomy
Basal Ganglia/Nuclei
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the components of the Basal Ganglia? | Corpus Striatum, Globus Pallidus, Subthalamic Nucleus, and Substantia Niagra |
| What two components make up the corpus striatum? | Caudate nucleus and putamen |
| Globus pallidus consists of? | GPe & GPi |
| The putamen and the globus pallidus make up the? | Lentiform Nucleus |
| This structures function is to modulate motor control centers of the cerebral cortex by influencing output from the cerebral cortex to the SC, modulate behavior and cognition, and is responsible for scaling intensity of mvmt or cognitive responses. | Basal Ganglia |
| The caudate carries? | specialized information(e.g. eye mvmt) |
| The putamen is more __________ motor. | Generalized(body mvmt) |
| _______ and _______ are major output nuclei to the cortex from the basal ganglia. | Globus Pallidus & Substantia Niagra |
| Does the basal ganglia have significant output to LMN? | No |
| How does the basal ganglia do its work? | It influences the cerebral cortex |
| These fibers connect ipsilateral neocortex to the corpus striatum and are considered afferents to the basal ganglia. | Corticostriate Fibers |
| The putamen receives input from the premotor and supplementary motor cortex via these fibers. | Corticostriate |
| Corticostriate fibers carry what kind of info? | Slower mvmts, large muscle groups as well as complex voluntary mvmts. |
| What basal ganglia afferent connects the thalamus to the ipsilateral corpus striatum | Thalamostriate |
| What carries important information about external events affecting our sensory system. | Thalamostriate |
| The globus pallidus and the pars reticulata send _________ projections to the thalamus via _________ amino acid? | Inihibitory, GABA |
| The thalamus sends excitatory input to the cerebral cortex via the? | Thalamocortical projections |
| Does the thalamus normally send excitatory or inhibitory input? | inhibitory |
| How does mvmt occur? | Thalamic cells are released from tonic inhibition.(inhibit inhibition=excitation) |
| What efferent connects the globus pallidus to the ipsilateral thalamus? | Pallidothalamic Fibers |
| What efferent connects the globus pallidus to the tegmentum? | Pallidotegmental Fibers |
| What are the input nuclei to the basal ganglia? | Caudate and putamen |
| The direct pathway results in inhibition or excitation of the thalamus? | Inhibition |
| By inhibiting the thalamus, the direct pathway inhibits or excites the supplementary motor area? | Excites |
| The indirect pathway has an inhibitory or excitatory effect on the upper motor neurons? | inhibitory |
| Where is GABA located and is it excitatory or inhibitory? | SC interneurons/inhibitory |
| Where is dopamine located and is it excitatory or inhibitory? | Substantia niagra/inhibitory |
| Where is glutamate located and is it excitatory or inhibitory? | SC interneuron/excitatory |
| What are the major output nuclei of the basal ganglia? | Globus pallidus and substantia nigra |
Created by:
txst fall 2008
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