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Chapter 9: Islam

QuestionAnswer
the ruler of an Arabic tribe sheikh
the Arabic word for "God" Allah
the holy book of Islam Quran
a person who practices Islam Muslim
the journey of Muhammad and his followers to Medina in 622 Hijrah
a nomadic Arab who lives in the Arabian, Syrian, or North African deserts bedouin
a pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the requirements of Islam hajj
the basis of the Islam faith, including pilgrimage, fasting, prayer, belief, and charity Five Pillars of Islam
an Islamic law code that provided Muslims with laws to help regulate their daily lives shari'ah
a spiritual and political leader of Islam caliph
meaning, "struggle in the way of God," often thought of as a holy war jihad
the office of the caliph caliphate
a Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of Ali as the rightly guided caliphs Shia
A Muslim group that accepts only the descendants of the Umayyads as the true rulers of Islam Sunni
a high government official in Muslim countries vizier
meaning "holder of power," the military and political head of state under the Seljuk Turks and Ottomans sultan
a covered market in Islamic cities bazaar
a gift of money paid at the time of marriage dowry
an instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the positions of stars astrolabe
geometric patterns repeated over and over to completely cover a surface with decoration arabesques
the tower of a mosque minaret
the crier who calls the Muslim faithful to prayer from the minaret of a mosque muezzin
he was the first caliph of Islam Abu Bakr
the holiest shrine of Islam, which is located in Mecca Kaaba
Muhammad received revelations from this angel Gabriel
this was the first ruling dynasty in Islam Umayyad
this dynasty defeated the Umayyads and took over the Islamic Empire Abbasid
the Umayyads were overthrown by the Abbasids in this year 750
Muhammad made his trip from Mecca to Medina in this yeara 622
Muhammad returned to Mecca from Medina in this year 630
he was caliph during the golden age of the Abbasid Dynasty Harun al-Rashid
the Umayyads favored people of this cultural group Arab
this dynasty was the Muslim group in Egypt Fatimids
the Seljuk Turks captured Baghdad in this year 1055
this was a very important economic activity in the Arabian peninsula trade
these are the Five Pillars of Islam faith, charity, fasting, pilgrimage, and prayer
the Quran granted spiritual equality to these people women
The Abbasid Dynasty took power from the Umayyads in this year 750
By 725, most of this European area had become a Muslim state Spain
Date by which the Arabs had conquered all of the Persian Empire 650
Muslim mathematicians developed this type of math algebra
The Abbasid capital was located here Baghdad
The Umayyad capital was located here Damascus
Created by: Mrs. Marquardt
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