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bio exam 5

mb21,43,44 Q9, 10

QuestionAnswer
In plants, the diploid, multicellular organism is the: sporophyte
The haploid generation of a plant is called the sporophyte. True or False? False
What characteristics differentiates plants from green algae? multicellular, dependent embryos
Green algae are assumed to be ancestors of plants because: green algae make cellulose and starch.
The cuticle of a leaf is one modification that enabled plants to move onto land. True or False? True
Which of these is an advantage to a plant that moved onto land? increased sunlight availability
To strengthen the conducting cells and help plants stand erect without water for them to float in, land plants developed: lignan
In mosses gametes are produced by ______; in ferns gametes are produced by ______. mitosis.....mitosis
Where do fern antheridia develop? on the underside of the gametophyte
The conspicuous part of a fern plant is a _____. diploid sporophyte
In moss, _____ produce sperm. antheridia
The sperm produced by mosses require _____ to reach an archegonium. moisture
In the moss life cycle ______ cells within a sporangium undergo ______ to produce ______ spores. diploid....meiosis....haploid
In mosses gametes are produced by _____; in ferns gametes are produced by _____. mitosis....mitosis
What characteristics are shared by algae and seed plants? chloroplasts
You discover a plant that has unusual fruit around the seed and leaves with parallel veins. In which of the two major groups of flowering plants does it belong and why? monocots, because it has parallel veins
What characteristics help differentiate between a monocot and a dicot? number of flower parts
Increases in plant length (such as overall height or branch and root length) result from cell division that occurs: only in apical meristems at shoot and root tips.
A plant that has only primary growth and no secondary growth does NOT have any: development of thick woody branches.
What cell type permits the continued growth of a plant throughout its life? meristem cells
How does carbon dioxide enter a leaf? CO2 passes through openings called stomata on the leaf surface.
Secondary growth NEVER occurs in _____. leaves
_____ provides cells for secondary growth. Vascular cambium
Vascular cambium forms wood toward the stem's _____ and secondary phloem toward the stem's _____. center...surface
What is the function of cork? insulation and waterproofing
How is the supply of vascular cambium maintained? by the division of its cells
In a dicot stem, the ________ is between the vascular cambium and the cork cambium. phloem
Which of these tissues is between the epidermis and the vascular bundle in a young dicot stem? cortex
In leaves, chloroplasts are found in _____. palisade mesophyll
Which of the following makes up most of an old tree trunk? secondary xylem
Most of a carrot, a root adapted for carbohydrate storage, is: cortex.
Root hairs develop from the: epidermis
The location of the pericyle is best described as: the outermost layer of the vascular cylinder.
Under the influence of hormones, branch roots emerge from the ________ of a growing root. pericycle
On the tip of the root, the apical meristem forms the ________, which prevents the meristem from being worn away as it pushes through the soil. root cap
The concentration of nutrients in plants is approximately the same as the concentration of nutrients in the surrounding soil. True or False? False
Diffusion doesn't require energy. Why do plants expend energy in active transport to transport minerals into root hairs? Mineral concentrations in the soil are too low for diffusion
All of the following are part of a plant's shoot system EXCEPT: mycorrhizae
What cellular feature allows a mineral such as manganese to diffuse from cell to cell after being taken up by roots? plasmodesmata
Bacteria-containing nodules in the roots of legume plants aid in the utilization of: nitrogen
Water flows upward in some xylem tubes and downward in others. True or False? False
The ________ theory explains the movement of water and minerals through xylem. cohesiontension theory
In the cohesion-tension theory, "cohesion" refers to the: attraction of water molecules for one another.
When potassium ion is transported into guard cells, water: enters by osmosis
Which of these processes is responsible for leaves being considered sugar sources? photosynthesis
_____ transport(s) sugars from leaves to, for example, taproots. Phloem
Sugar moves from leaves into the _____ of _____ by _____. sieve-tube members...phloem...active transport
The water pressure that pushes water and sugar from sugar source to sugar sink is referred to as _____. bulk flow
Water moves into phloem by ____. osmosis
At a sugar sink, sugar is removed from phloem by _____. active transport
In a sugar sink, such as a taproot, sugar is converted into _____. starch
_____ is responsible for the movement of sugars from leaves to taproots; _____ is responsible for the movements of sugar from taproots to leaves. Bulk flow...bulk flow
Tree roots are a ________ of sugars in spring and a ________ in the fall. source; sink
Asexual reproduction is rare in plants. True or False? False
Ferns and mosses need water for sexual reproduction because: they have swimming sperm
An oak tree is a: sporophyte
The embryo sac of angiosperms consists of eight diploid cells and one haploid egg cell. True or False? False
The male reproductive structure, the stamen, consists of: the filament and anther.
Meiosis produces a ________, which eventually gives rise to an egg in an unfertilized seed. megaspore
Which of the following undergoes meiosis during the development of pollen grains? microspore mother cell
All of the following are processes that occur during angiosperm reproduction EXCEPT: one megaspore degenerates, and the other three divide once to produce the six-celled embryo sac.
In flowering plants, the unfertilized ovule contains the: female gametophyte
Endosperm has allowed the angiosperms to become the most numerous and diverse plant group. What is the role of the endosperm? It provides nutrition for the developing embryo, therefore increasing survival rates.
A fruit is a mature: ovary
What is endosperm? via cotyledons, a source of food for the embryo
The pointer is indicating a diploid cell that develops into the _____. embryo
Fruits evolved primarily as structures specialized to _____. disperse seeds
In gymnosperms, the ____________________ is dominant over the ____________________ generation. sporophyte/gametophyte
Which statement regarding vessel elements is true? Vessel elements are dead at functional maturity and transport water and minerals from roots to leaves. Correct
Which of the following is not a characteristic used to distinguish monocots from dicots? presence or absence of seeds
The ____________________ include liverworts, hornworts, and mosses. bryophytes
A(n) ____________________ is a structure in which male gametes develop. antheridium
A monocot stem cannot undergo secondary growth because it lacks vascular cambium
Cells that function in storage or photosynthesis are parenchyma cells
____________________ are plants that produce seeds that are enclosed in an ovary. Angiosperms
All vascular plants produce seeds. True or False? False
In ferns, the gametophyte grows out of the sporophyte. True or False? False
The carpel consists of a stigma, style, and ovary. True or False? True
The vascular cambium produces xylem toward the inside of the stem. True or False? True
After fertilization the ______ develops into a seed and the _____ develops into a fruit. ovule; ovary
Pith is ground tissue found in roots of a dicot. True or False? False
Stomata are located on the underside of the leaf and are flanked by guard cells. These guard cells close the stomata by...? losing water by osmosis due to a loss of K+. This results in a shrinking of the guard cells that close the stomata.
In angiosperms, the endosperm (not the primary endosperm) forms due to....? double fertilization of the female gametophyte
Lateral roots are a result of cell division in the...? pericycle
Sunlight is required for transpiration. True or False? False
Phloem transports sap....? fro sugar sources to sugar sinks
Created by: kenzey11
 

 



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