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Political Parties

MacGruders Chapter 5

TermDefinition
Political party A group of people who seek to control government through the winning of elections and the holding of public office.
Major parties In the United States two political parties that dominate political control of the government these two parties are know as the ____________ ____________.
Multiparty system Much of the world have systems in which there are many smaller political parties. These smaller parties form coalitions to control the government.
coalition A group of smaller parties working cooperatively to control the government in a multiparty system.
two-party system A political system that has only two predominant political parties.
Nomination Function A function of political parties in which the rank and file members selecting candidates from their party to run for a particular office.
Organizing Function A function of political parties in which the party informs and activates the party membership on important issues.
Bonding Function A function of political parties in which they give the "seal of approval" for candidates that are running under their party name.
Governmental Function A function of political parties in which they work within the government in a partisan way. Such as being a member of the one party caucus or the other.
Watchdog Function A function of political parties in which the party in the minority serves to watch and inform on the party in power.
single member district a system by which elected representatives are elected solely to represent people in a certain district or region. The only federal office where this is not the case is in the U.S. Senate where two Senators represent the whole state.
plurality An election situation where by the candidate with the largest number of votes is the winner. Not necessarily a majority.
consensus a general agreement among various groups on fundamental matters.
one party system A political system where on group controls the government and often is found in dictatorships.
Federalist Party The first real party of the United States, believing in a strong national government. Headed by, Alexander Hamilton.
Anti-Federalists A group, that was the precursor to the second party of the United States though never organized as a true political party.
Democratic-Republicans The second real party of the United States, believing in a strict interpretation of the constitution and in stronger states rights. Headed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
Democratic Party Party ushered into and evolved from the Democratic-Republicans under the Andrew Jackson. This party maintained control from 1801-1860, losing only two presidential elections in that time. It again dominated from 1933 to 1954.
Whig Party A short lived major party the government only twice. Both times their elected candidate died in office.
Republican Party Political party that succeeded the Whig party and took power in 1860. This party was able to maintain control of the government from 1860 to 1933, losing the White House only four times.
Minor parties Political parties in the United States that are small and have limited political clout. They often exist to influence the major parties to support specific issues, or sometimes are factions from major parties that break away.
Ideological party A political party based upon a set of political beliefs.
single-issue party A political party centered around a particular public policy issue.
economic protest party A political party rooted in periods of economic discontent and protest.
splinter party A political party that breaks away from another party.
National Convention A national meeting of the party faithful that takes place every four years. The main role of the convention is to nominate a presidential candidate.
National Committee A committee of party members who take care of the parties business between national conventions.
National Chairperson The head of the National Committee of each party. For the party in power (i.e. the President's party) this person is the second in charge for the party. For the party out of power this person is the party leader.
Congressional Campaign Committee Each party has a committee for each house of Congress whose responsibility it is to devise a plan to gain control of their respective houses. These are called _________________ _______________ committees.
ward a voting subdivision of a precinct, generally only found in cities.
precinct A voting subdivision of a city or town. Often the most local level of party politics.
split ticket voting When voters vote for candidates from both parties on the same ballot. (i.e. Vote Democrat for Governor, and Republican for Congress)
Created by: mlwhittier
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