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Chapter 9
Term | Definition |
---|---|
financial statements | Prepared to summarize the changes resulting from business transactions that occur during an accounting period. |
income statement | A report of the net income or net loss for a fiscal period; sometimes called a "profit and loss" statement. |
statement of changes in owner's equity | A financial statement prepared to summarize the effects of business transactions on the capital account. |
balance sheet | A report of the balances in all asset, liability, and owner's equity accounts at the end of the period. |
report form | A format for preparing the balance sheet in which the classifications of accounts are listed one under another. |
statement of cash flows | A financial statement that summarizes the cash receipts and cash payments resulting from business activities during a period. |
ratio analysis | Involves the comparison of two amounts on a financial statement and the evaluation of the relationship between these amounts. |
profitability ratio | Ratios used to evaluate the earnings performance of a business during the accounting period (for example, return on common stockholders' equity). |
return on sales | The portion of each sales dollar that represents profit. To calculate this ratio, divide net income by sales. |
current assests | Assets that are either used up or converted to cash during the normal operating cycle of the business, usually one year. |
current liabilities | Debts of the business that must be paid within the next accounting period. |
working capital | The amount by which current assets exceed current liabilities. |
liquidity ratio | The measure of a business's ability to pay its current debts as they become due and to provide for unexpected needs of cash. |
current ratio | The relationship between current assets and current liabilities; calculated by dividing the dollar amount of current assets by the dollar amount of current liabilities. |
quick ratio | A measure of the relationship between short-term assets and current liabilities. |