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American Government
American Government local laws
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 1st Amendment | Freedom of Religion,Speech,and the Press;Rights of Assembly and Petition |
| 2nd Amendment | Right to bear arms/own a gun |
| 3rd Amendment | Quartering Act |
| 4rth Amendment | Right to property/search warrant |
| 5th Amendment | Right to Grand jury,cannot be tried for the same trial twice,right of no self inonimation,cannot be denied due process, cannot take away property w/o fair market value |
| 6th Amendment | The right for a speedy trial |
| 7th Amendment | Right to trial by jury (peers) |
| 8th Amendment | No cruel usual punishment,nor death penalty |
| Incumbents | Those already holding office |
| 9th Amendment | Enumeration,listing rights,cannot be constructed to deny or disparage others retained by the people |
| 10th Amendment | Reserved powers-given to federal govt,everything left for states/ppl. All other powers preserved for ppl. |
| 11th Amendment | ppl of state cant sue another state of federal court |
| 12th Amendment | Call for separation balance between the president and vicepresident for different presidency |
| 13th Amendment | Abolition of slavery |
| 14th Amendment | Give blacks citizen rights,extends due process to states |
| 15th Amendment | Black men have the right to vote(pushed by republicans) |
| 16th Amendment | Had to pay 4% of income,now 40%, Progressive Error |
| 17th Amendment | Direct election of the people by the people-progressive error. |
| 18th Amendment | No alcahol sold or produced, only stocked |
| 19th Amendment | Womens sufferage/women votes--progressive error |
| 20th Amendment | Changes-inauguration, March 4th to January 20th |
| 21st Amendment | End of prohibition |
| 22nd Amendment | Limitation of presidents term-2 years |
| 23rd Amendment | DC presidential elections |
| Pork Barrel | The mighty list of federal projects,grants, and contracts available to cities,businesses,colleges and institutions available in a congressional district |
| 24rth Amendment | No longer pay tax to vote |
| 25th Amendment | President cannot fulfill duties--vicepresident takes over |
| 26th Amendment | Voting age went from 21 to 18 yrs old |
| 27th Amendment | Members of congress get pay raises,not into effect, still following succession of Congress..1789 |
| Necessity of compromise | Need to blend and adjust competing view and interests |
| Individual Freedom | Importance of individual balance between a persons freedom and the rights of the group |
| Free elections with competing political parties | People elect their leader need for competition of ideas from which to choose |
| Worth of Individual | Everyone is important.Everyones ideas have value |
| Equality of all person | All people have equal opportunities |
| Majority rule,minority rule | The will of many determines public policies. The majority should be right most times. Voice of the minority is important and must be heard |
| Federal | Power shared by national and states: Ex:USA |
| Theocracy | Ruled by religion |
| Anarchy | No government |
| Parliamentary democracy | Executive is chosen by the legislature, Ex: Great Britain |
| Unitary | Power held by central government. Ex: Great Britian |
| Confederal | Power held by state government. Ex:Confederacy during civil war |
| Oligarchy | Rule by few |
| Autocracy by birth | Monarch makes all decisions |
| Presidential democracy | Executive is chosen by the people. Ex: United States |
| Indirect democracy | People elect others to make decisions for them, Ex: United States |
| Autocracy | Rule by one |
| Totalitarianism | Dictatorships Ex: Cuba, North Korea |
| Evolutionary | As society grows so does the government |
| Social Contract | Agreement between people and state |
| Direct democracy | People make all the decisions |
| Types of power | Legislative-to make laws. Executive-to carry out a law. Judicial-to interpret law and settle disputes |
| Divine Right | Power from God |
| Force | Whoever has the most power. Ex: Dictatorship |
| Government | The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies |
| Public Policy | All of the things a government decides to do |
| Constitution | Where the governments powers are outlined |
| Bicameral legislature | A legislature divided into two houses |
| House Rules Committee | An institution unique to the House that reviews all bills(except revenue,budget and appropriations bills) coming from a House committee before they go to the full House |
| Filibuster | A strategy unique to the Senate whereby opponents of a bill try to talk it to edeath,based on the tradition of unlimited debate |
| Casework | Activities of members of Congress that help constituents as indiviguals |
| Speaker of the House | An office mandated by the Constitution. The Speaker is chosen in practice by the majority party,has both formal and informal powers,and is second in line to succeed to the presidency if that office should be vacant |
| Majority Leader | The principle partisan ally of the Speaker of the House or the party's manager in the Senate, Is respnsible for scheduling bills,influencing committee assignments, and rounding up votes in behalf of the party's |
| Minority Leader | The principle leader of the minority party in the House of Representatives or in the Senate |
| Standing Committee | Separate subject-matter committees in each house of Congress that handle bills in different policy area |
| Conference Committe | Congressional committees formed when the Senate and the House pass a particular bill in different forms. Party leaders appoint members from each house to iron out the differences |
| Select Committees | Congressional committees appointed for a specific purpose,such as the Watergate investigation |
| Joint Commitee | Congressional committees on a few subject-matter area with membership drawn from both houses |
| Legislative Oversight | Congress's monitoring of the bureaucracy and its administration of policy,performed mainly through hearings. |
Created by:
mtrampf
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