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Bio III Exam 2

Phylum Annelida

QuestionAnswer
What are the symmetry, body cavity, and tissue organization characteristics of phylum annelida? Bilateral ; triploblastic ; coelemate
What is the word use to describe the way in which oligochaetes used their muscles to move? Peristalsis
Name the three classes of phylum annelida being observed in this course, with brief descriptions of their species Polychaeta: mostly marine worms ; Oligochaeta: Freshwater and terrestrial worms (earthworms); Hirudinea: leeches
Do species in phylum annelida exhibit segmentation? yes
What are the names of the anatomical structures that annelida use as appendages for locomotion? parapodia and setae
What are the habitat(s) of annelids? Marine, fresh water, and moist terrain
What is the name of the structure, which is made from several thickened segments, that earthworms use to hold their position during copulation? The clittellum
Briefly describe how earthworms reproduce Two hermaphrodite (monoecious) worms will copulate and fertilize each other via the exchange of sperm. Some species are able to regenerate asexually via fragmentation.
What is the name of the last segment (terminal segment) of the earthworm that houses the anus and completes digestion? The pygidium
How can you tell the difference between the dorsal and ventral sides of an earthworm? The ventral side is typically flatter
Do oligochaetes have excretory organs? If so, name them Yes ; nephridia
What is the name of the outer epidermal layer of oligochaetes? What is its function? The cuticle ; It helps to retain moisture
Together, classes oligochaeta and hirundinea form what subclass? Clittellada
What is the name of the structures that separate each segment of annelids? septa (s. septum)
In which clade of protostomia are annelids found? Lophotrochozoa
Are all annelids dioecious? Are all annelids able to reproduce via fragmentation? Do all annelids bear trochophore larvae? No to all three questions
What is another word for segmentation? Metamerism
Name a genus of class polychaeta Nereis
What is the method of support for the bodies of annelids? A hydrostatic coelem
Do polychaetes have trochophore larvae? yes
Class hirundinea exhibits the loss of what two features (features that the other two classes possess)? Describe the clittellum of hirudinea setae and segmentation ; they possess a reduced clittellum only during breeding season.
How many suckers do leeches have? Two, an anterior and a posterior. (note some species have one or the other, and have only one sucker)
Briefly describe the reproductive habits of class hirudinea Leeches are hermaphrodites (monoecious) and reproduce sexually with other leeches through exchange of sperm (mutual internal cross fertilization)
Which environments do each of the classes of annelids inhabit? Polychaetes = mostly marine, some FW ; Oligochaetes = FW and moist terrain ; Hirundinea = all environments
Briefly compare the feeding strategies of the three annelid classes Polychaetes hunt and eat algae and small animals as well as filter feeding and deposit feeding. Oligochaetes are primarily deposit feeders. Hirundinea feed on blood (liquid feeders) or in some cases are predator/scavengers
Do annelids possess a circulatory system and a complete digestive tract? yes
Briefly describe the general makeup of the annelid nervous system. A pair of dorsal ganglia in the head region and a ventral nerve chord with two ganglia in each segment.
Annelids have specialized cells that can function as sensory receptors. What are the senses that they can perceive using these systems? Tactile, chemo, balance, photo
Do any annelids possess eyes? yes
How can you tell which end of the earthworm is the head? It is the end closest to the clittellum
What is the name of the first segment of the earthworm? The prostomium
Can some oligochaete species reproduce asexually? Some species can regenerate via fragmentation.
Created by: 100000957185140
 

 



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