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EARTHQUAKES
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VOLCANOES
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Plate Activity

Tectonic Plate Activity

TermDefinition
EARTHQUAKES **Vibrations of the Earth’s crust **Caused by plate movements **Sudden release of Energy along plate boundaries or faults
VOLCANOES Opening in the Earth's crust; Caused by plate movement; Through which lava, steam & ashes flows or erupts; Cone-shaped hill or mountain formed around opening
HOT SPOTS Forms in middle of a plate; Remains constant (fixed), as plate continues to move over it; RESULT--a trail of volcanoes is left behind; Older volcanoes moving away from “hot spot”; Newer ones forming over top of “hot spot
MOUNTAIN BUILDING —3 types: (1) Fault (2) Fold (3) Volcanic
FAULT MOUNTAINS Break in the Earth's crust at plate boundaries. As plates are moving...the crust is stretched and instead of folding, it breaks into large blocks causing mountains to form.
FOLDING MOUNTAINS Bending of the Earth's crust when plates are coming toward each other—creating mountains
SUBDUCTION ZONE Continental and oceanic plates collide. Oceanic plate “pulled by gravity” below the lighter continental plate. Causes “trenches” and island (volcanic) arcs to form.
RIFT VALLEY Long, narrow valley Formed as two plates move apart (Divergent Plate Boundary)
SEA FLOOR SPREADING Process by which ocean floor moves apart Earthquakes occur along plate boundary New crust is formed as magma rises seeps onto the ocean floor and cools. i.e., mid-oceanic ridge;Mid-Atlantic Ridge
TSUNAMIS Large destructive ocean wave caused by an earthquake under or near the ocean.
ISLAND ARCS As a plate is subducted, the plate melts. HOT material from the subducting plate rises..., forming a series of volcanoes. These volcanoes make a chain of islands called an "island arc. i.e., the Aleutian Islands of Alaska.
Created by: pj johnson
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