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Enzymes 1
Enzymes
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Synthesizes the active tetrahydrofolate (THF) form of folic acid. | Dihydrofolate reductase |
Makes a phosphodiester bond between adjacent nucleotides in DNA | DNA ligase |
Adds TTAGGG sequences to the ends of chromosomes | Telomerase |
Synthesizes deoxy form of nucleotides | Ribonucleotide reductase |
Salvages guanine bases to make GMP | HPRT |
Catalyzes formation of uric acid | Xanthine oxidase |
Has a MG++ cofactor that funcitons to enhance nucleophilic attack by the 3'O of the primer strand | DNA polymerase |
Synthesizes an RNA primer to initiate strand synthesis | Primase |
Separates the parental strands at the replication fork | Helicase |
The biochemical function of cAMP is to activate _______________. | Protein kinase A |
An enzyme that digests DNA at specific base sequences. | |
Inhibited by malathion | Acetylcholinesterase |
Catalyzes the first step in glycolysiss that produces ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation | Phosphoglycerate kinase |
Has a high Km for glucose and is acive after a meal | Glucokinase |
Covalently links amino acids to their cognate tRNAs | Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase |
Synthesizes cDNA from mRNA | resverse transcriptase |
Synthesizes RNA | RNA polymerase |
The enzyme primarily responsible for metabolizing alcohol | Alcohol dehydrogenase |
Stimulates the activity of phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1) | Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate |
Catalyzes the production of NADH in glycolysis | Glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase (GAPDH) |
Major regulated step of cholesterol biosynthesis | HMGCoA reductase |
Enzyme in eukaryotes that is responsible for mRNA transcription | |
Pyruvate carboxylase enzyme requires ___________. | Biotin |
Catalyzes the first enzymatic step of steroid synthesis | Desmolase |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase requires this as a cofactor. | thiamin-pyrophosphate |
Homocysteine methyltransferase requires this as a cofactor | Cobalamin (B12) |
Recognizes oriC and recruits the replication proteins | E. coli DnaA |
Seals the nick in the phosphodiester backbone | DNA ligase |
Introduces negative supercoils in the DNA | DNA gyrase |
Synthesizes the bulk of human DNA | DNA polymerase delta |
Functions as a "sliding clamp" to make polymerase processive | PCNA |
Inhibited by methotrexate | Dihydrofolate reductase |
Inhibited by ciprofloxacin | DNA gyrase |
Inhibited by azaserine | Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II |
Inhibited by allopurinol | Xanthine oxidase |
Inhibited by fluorouracil | Thymidylate synthase |
First step in the metabolism of alcohol | Alcohol dehydrogenase |
Cleaves the signal peptide from the N-terminus of the growing polypeptide | Signal peptidase |
Breaks and reforms S-S bonds between cystein residues in protein folding | Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) |
Shifts proline configuratin between cis and trans isomers | Peptidyl proline isomerase (PPI) |
Allows proteins containing proline to adopt the correct configuration | Peptidyl proline isomerase (PPI) |
Phosphorylates translational initiation factors (Ifs)leading to the inhibition of translation and reduces proteins entering the ER | Protein ER Kinase (PERK) |
A complex of E2/E3 which recognizes and tags a damaged protein for destruction. | Ubiquitin ligase |
Enzyme that cleaves fatty acids from phsopholipids. | Phospholipases |
Hydrolyzes the ester on the C1 carbon of a phospholipid, giving a free fatty acid and a 1-lysophospholipid | Phospholipase A1 |
Hydrolyzes the ester on the C2 carbon of a phospholipid, giving a free fatty acid and a 2-lysophospholipid | Phospholipase A2 |
Hydrolyzes the phosphoester bond between the phosphate and the glycerol backbone giving DAG and phosphorylated head group in a phospholipid | Phospholipase C |
Hydrolyzes the phosphoester bond between the phosphate and the head group giving PA and free head group in a phospholipid | Phospholipase D |
Synthesizes cAMP | Adenylyl cyclase |
Breaks down cAMP | Phosphodiesterase |