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AP World Chapter 20

Ap World History - Summerville High School

TermDefinition
Nzinga Mvemba Ruler of the Kong kingdom (1507-1543); converted to Christianity; his efforts to integrate Portuguese and African ways foundered because of the slave trade.
Osei Tutu important ruler who began centralization and expansion of Asante.
Asantehene title, created by Osei Tutu, of the civil and religious ruler of Asante
Luo Nilotic people who migrated from the Upper Nile regions to established dynasties in the lakes region of central Africa
Usuman Dan Fodio Muslim Fulani leader who launched a great religious movement among the Hausa.
Shaka ruler among the Nguni peoples of southeast Africa during the early 19th century; caused migrations and alterations in African political organization
Saltwater slaves name given to slaves born in Africa; distinguished from American-born descendants, the creoles
Surinam Maroons descendants of the 18th century runaway slaves who found permanent refuge in the rainforests of Suriname and French Guiana.
Fulani Pastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804; launched revolt against Hausa Kingdoms; established state centered on Sokoto.
Creole slaves American-born descendants of saltwater slaves; result of sexual exploitation of slave women or process of miscegenation.
William Wilberforce British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807
Factories trading stations with resident merchants established by the Portuguese and other Europeans
Indies piece a unit in the complex exchange system of the West African trade; based on the value of an adult male slave
Royal African Company chartered in Britain in the 1660s to establish a monopoly over the African trade; supplied slaves to British New World colonies.
Triangular trade complex commercial pattern linking Africa, the Americas, and Europe; slaves from Africa went to the New World; American agricultural products went to Europe; European goods went to Africa
Great Trek movement inland during the 1830s of Dutch-ancestry settlers in South Africa seeking to escape their British colonial government.
Mfecane wars among Africans in southern Africa during the early 19th century; caused migrations and alterations in African political organization.
Middle Passage Slave voyage from Africa to the Americas (16th- 18th centuries); generally a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture.
Obeah African religious ideas and practices in the English and French Caribbean islands.
Candomble African religious ideas and practices in Brazil, particularly among the Yoruba people.
Vodun African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti
El Mina Most important of early Portuguese trading facorties in forest zone of Africa
Luanda Portuguese factory established in 1520s south of Kongo; became basis for Portuguese colony of Angola
Asante empire Established in Gold Coast among Akan people settled around Kumasi
Dahomey Kingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and port of Whydah by 1727; accepted western firearms and goods in return for African slaves.
Swazi New African state formed on model of Zulu chiefdom; survived mfecane
Lesotho Southern African state that survived mfecane; not based on Zulu modle; less emphasis on military organization, less authoritarian government.
Palmares Kingdom of runaway slaves with a population of 8000 to 10,000 people; located in Brazil during the 17th century; leadership was Angolan.
Suriname Formerly a Dutch plantation colony on the coast of South America; location of runaway slave kingdom in 18th century; able to retain independence despite attempts to crush guerrilla resistance.
Created by: amygilstrap7
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