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B&PL 4.1 Vocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Duty | A moral or legal obligation; a responsibility |
Breach of Duty | The neglect or failure to fulfill in a just and proper manner the duties of an office or fiduciary employment |
Criminal Act | An act committed by a person that violates a law and which is punishable by the government |
Embezzlement | Theft or misappropriation of funds placed in one's trust or belonging to one's employer |
Vicarious criminal liability | A legal doctrine that assigns liability for an injury to a person who did not cause the injury but who has a particular legal relationship to the person who did act negligently |
Juvenile delinquency | The habitual committing of criminal acts or offenses by a young person, especially one below the age at which ordinary criminal prosecution is possible |
Felony | A crime punishable by confinement for more that a year in a state prison or by a fine of more than 1,000 or both |
Hate crimes | A crime motivated by racial, sexual, or other prejudice, typically one involving violence |
Misdemeanor | A less serious crime usually is punishable by confinement in a county or city jail for one year or less, by a fine of 1,000 or less or both |
Infractions | A violation or infringement of a law, agreement, or set of rules. Persons convicted of infractions can only be fined. |
White-collar crimes | A non-violent crime that is committed by someone, typically for financial gain |
Antitrust laws | States that competing companies may not cooperate in fixing prices or dividing sales regions |
Larceny | Theft of personal property |
Robbery | The action of robbing a person or place |
Burglary | Entry into a building illegally with intent to commit a crime, especially theft |
Fence | One who receives stolen property |
False pretenses | Behavior intended to deceive others |
Forgery | Falsely making or materially altering a writing to defraud another |
Bribery | Persuade someone to act in one's favor, typically illegally or dishonestly, by a gift of money or other inducement. |
Extortion | The practice of obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats |
Conspiracy | A secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful |
Arson | The criminal act of deliberately setting fire to property |