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Spinal Region
Neuro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| segmental dysfxn | focal lesion of dorsal or ventral root or entire spinal nerve |
| anterior cord syndrome | spinal cord stroke of anterior spinal artery; paralysis, analgesia, & loss of temperature discriminative sensation; DCML intact; sxs bilateral at segment & below; damage to descending motor tracts & the somas of LMN"s; impaired motor control |
| vertical tract function | loss of fxn below the level of the lesion |
| lateral corticospinal tract dysfxn | Babinski's sign is present |
| syringomyelia | swelling of the central canal of the spinal cord; loss of pain & temp discrimination at level; almost always occurs in c-spine; greater UE>LE involvement. |
| Brown-Sequard syndrome | a hemisection of the spinal cord; ipsilateral segmental losses, ipsilateral loss of voluntary motor control, conscious proprioception, & discriminative touch below the level of the lesion, & contralateral loss of pain & temperature discrimination. |
| cauda equina syndrome | lower motor neuron lesion; musc weakness, decr'd muscle tone, decr'd reflexes, loss of pain sensation, & sensory impairment of bilateral or unilateral lower limbs & altered bowel & bladder control; compression &/or irritation of nerve roots below L2. |
| tethered cord syndrome | stretch injury damages the spinal cord &/or the cauda equina; consequences: lbp, lower limb pain, diff walking, probs w/ bowel & bladder control, & ft deformities. |
| LMN damage | damage at s2-s4; sympathetic relaxation of bladder wall remains (t11-L2); parasympathetic & voluntary control are lost; bladder is flaccid; overdistended bladder & urine will dribble out. |
| UMN damage | injury above S2; descending control (voluntary control) over voiding & PS influence are lost; bladder is hypertonic/spastic; spontaneous contractions at low volume; reduced bladder capacity |
| spinal shock | due to interruption of descending inputs that provide tonic facilitation of spinal interneurons; suspends all non-essential functions & focuses on healing itself through edema, inflamm, etc...; cord fxns below lesion are depressed or lost; minutes to mos |
| autonomic dysfxn | loss of descending sympathetic control due to lesions at T6 or above |
| autonomic dysreflexia | excessive activity of the sympathetic system following injury above T6 caused by a non-noxious stimulus; characterized by incr'd bp, HA, & sweating above lesion; no ability to use descending parasympathetic control to stop |
| poor thermoregulation | no descending sympathetic innervation from hypothalamus below the lesion; no sweating below the lesion; excessive sweating above the lesion to compensate |
| poikilothermia | internal body temperature begins to mimic the external environment |
| orthostatic hypotension | no descending sympathetic response to raise BP by incr HR, & output foce, vasconstriction, no muscle pumps in LE to red effects of gravity, betc...; will lessen over time w/ development of spinal postural reflexes as sc reorganizes; |
| injury between c4 & T6 | breathing near normal; autonomic dysreflexia, orthostatic hypotension, poor thermoregulation; lack voluntary bladder & bowel control |
| injury between S2-S4 | lack of reflexive b& b control & pelvic organ control |
| NOGO | neurotransmitter that blocks growth & development of oligodendrocytes |
Created by:
MeganFultz2
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