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Sociology

Sociology Chapter 7

TermDefinition
Deviance behavior that departs from societal or group norms
Negative Deviance involves behavior that underconforms to accpeted norms
Positive Deviance involves behavior that underconforms to social expectations
Deviant a person who breaks significant societal or group norms
Social Conrtol ways to encourage conformity to society's norms
Social Sanctions rewards or punishments that encourage conformity to social norms
Anomie a social condition in which norms are weak, conflicting, or absent
Strain Theory theory that deviance is more likely to occur when a gap exists between cultural goals and the ability to achieve these goals bye legitimate means
Control Theory theory that compliance with social norms requires strong norms between individuals and society
Differential Association Theory theory that individuals learn deviance in proportion to number of deviant acts they are exposed to
Labeling Theory theory that society creates deviance by identifying particular members as deviant
Primary Deviance deviance involving occasional breaking of norms that is not a part of a person's lifestyle or self-concept
Secondary Deviance deviance in which an individual's life and identity are organized around breaking society's norms
Stigma an undesirable trait or label that is used to characterize an individual
Victim Discounting process of reducing the seriousness of the crimes that injure people of the lower status
White-collar Crime job-related crimes committed by high-status people
Crime acts committed of violation of the law
Criminal Justice System system comprising institutions and processes responsible for enforcing criminal statutes
Deterrence discouraging criminal acts by threatening punishment
Retribution punishment intended to make criminal pay compensation for their acts
Incarceration a method of protecting society from criminals by keeping them in prisons
Rehabilitation process of changing or reforming a criminal through socialization
Recidivism a repetition of or return to criminal behavior
Created by: halvy
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