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Pharm Quiz 1
Pharm Wk1 Quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In light of her recent high blood pressure readings, a patient has been started on a thiazide diuretic and metoprolol (Lopressor), which is a beta-adrenergic blocker. What is the most likely rationale for using two medications to address the patient's HTN | Using the two drugs to treat a health problem may create a synergistic effect. |
| During a clinic visit, a patient complains of having frequent muscle cramps in her legs. The nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has been taking over-the-counter laxatives for the past 7 years. The nurse informed the patient that prolonged use of | may cause nutrient deficiencies |
| A patient has been prescribed an oral drug that is known to have a high first-pass effect. Which of the following measures has the potential to increase the amount of the free drug that is available to body cells? | Administering the drug intravenously rather than orally |
| In response to a patient's nausea, the nurse has mixed a dose of an antiemetic with 50 mL of sterile normal saline and will administer the dose by IV piggyback. What is the rationale for the use of IV piggyback? | The patient is receiving continuous IV fluids in addition to IV medications. |
| On the 1 a.m. rounds, the nurse finds a patient awake and frustrated that she cannot go to sleep. The nurse administers an ordered hypnotic to help the patient sleep. Two hours later, the nurse finds the patient out of bed, full of energy and cleaning her | an idiosyncratic response |
| A patient is treated with an antibiotic for an infection in his leg. After 2 days of taking the antibiotic, the patient calls the clinic and reports that he has a rash all over his body. The nurse is aware that a rash can be an adverse effect of an antibi | pharmacodynamics. |
| An elderly postsurgical patient has developed postoperative pneumonia in the days following abdominal surgery and is being treated with a number of medications. Which of the following medications that the nurse will administer has the slowest absorption | An oral antidepressant that the patient has been taking daily for several years |
| A 56-year-old female patient has been admitted to the hospital with chronic muscle spasms and has been prescribed a new medication to treat the spasms. She has a poorly documented allergy to eggs, synthetic clothes, and perfumes. What is the priority acti | Post an allergies notice on the front of the chart and document the allergies in the appropriate area of the patient's record |
| A nurse is instructing a patient concerning a newly prescribed drug. Which of the following should be included to help improve patient compliance and safety? | Measures to alleviate any discomfort associated with adverse effects |
| A home health nurse notes that there have been changes to a patient's oral drug regimen. The nurse will closely monitor the new drug regimen to | identify any changes in drug absorption that would change the drug effect |
| A patient who has ongoing pain issues has been prescribed meperidine (Demerol) IM. How should the nurse best administer this medication? | Into the patient's thigh using a large-gauge needle. |
| A patient has been prescribed several drugs and fluids to be given intravenously. Before the nurse starts the intravenous administration, a priority assessment of the patient will be to note the | skin surrounding the potential IV site. |
| A nurse who is responsible for administering medications should understand that the goals of the MedWatch program are to (Select all that apply.) | provide regular feedback about product safety issues. increase awareness of serious reactions caused by drugs or medical devices. facilitate the reporting of adverse reactions of drugs. |
| A nurse is caring for a patient who has recently moved from Vermont to south Florida. The patient has been on the same antihypertensive drug for 6 years and has had stable blood pressures and no adverse effects. Since her move, however, she reports “dizz | the impact of the warmer climate on the patient's physical state. |
| A nurse is caring for a postsurgical patient who has small tortuous veins and had a difficult IV insertion. The patient is now receiving IV medications on a regular basis. What is the best nursing intervention to minimize the adverse effects of this drug | Monitor the IV site for redness, swelling, or pain |
| A nurse is caring for a patient who has had part of her small intestine removed due to cancer. She has also now developed hypertension and has been prescribed a new medication to decrease her blood pressure. While planning the patient's care, the nurse sh | Absorption |
| The nurse is caring for a patient receiving an aminoglycoside (antibiotic) that can be nephrotoxic. Which of the following will alert the nurse that the patient may be experiencing nephrotoxicity? | A decrease in urine output |
| A patient has been receiving regular doses of an agonist for 2 weeks. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate? | The drug will decrease in effectiveness |
| In which of the following patients would a nurse expect to experience alterations in drug metabolism? | A 50-year-old man with cirrhosis of the liver |
| A nurse has been administering a drug to a patient intramuscularly (IM). The physician discontinued the IM dose and wrote an order for the drug to be given orally. The nurse notices that the oral dosage is considerably higher than the parenteral dose | first-pass effect. |
| Tylenol 325 mg/tablet, patient needs 650 mg; how many tables should patient take? | 2 |
| For which of the following patients would a nasogastric tube most likely be considered to aid in the administration of medications? | A 78-year-old man who is unable to swallow following an ischemic stroke |
| The culture and sensitivity testing of a patient's wound exudate indicates that a specific antibiotic is necessary for treatment. The United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary indicates that the drug in question is 96% protein bound. What a | Dosages of the drug must be large in order to be effective |
| 5 ml = _______________tsp | 1 |
| A patient who has been admitted to the hospital for a mastectomy has stated that she has experienced adverse drug effects at various times during her life. Which of the following strategies should the nurse prioritize in order to minimize the potential | Monitor the patient vigilantly for signs and symptoms of potentially adverse drug effects |
| A nurse notes new drug orders for a patient who is already getting several medications. Which of the following is the most important consideration when preparing to administer the new drugs? | Possible drug–drug interactions that might occur |
| A 67-year-old man is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. He reports to the nurse that he has chronic arthritis and circulation problems. Further assessment by the nurse reveals that the patient has a history of mild hypertension. He explains that he | Vascular impairment |
| Medication reconciliation of an 82-year-old man who has recently moved to a long-term care facility reveals that the man takes 1 to 2 mg of lorazepam bid prn. The nurse should recognize what consequence of this aspect of the resident's drug regimen? | Increased risk for falls |
| A 79-year-old woman with a medical history that includes osteoporosis has recently moved to a long-term care facility. Medication reconciliation indicates that the woman has been taking calcitonin, salmon for several years. The nurse should recogni | intranasal |
| A 70-year-old man who enjoys good health began taking low-dose aspirin several months ago based on recommendations that he read in a magazine article. During the man's most recent visit to his care provider, routine blood work was ordered and the results | The man may be experiencing nephrotoxic effects of aspirin |
| A nurse is creating a plan of care for a 68-year-old woman with a recent diagnosis of unstable angina and new prescription for nitroglycerin. Which of the following nursing diagnoses should the nurse prioritize in the planning of this patient's care? | Acute Pain, Headache, related to adverse effects of drug therapy |
| A 79-year-old patient in a long-term care facility is to receive an intravenous fat emulsion. Which of the following lab values would be a priority for the nurse to assess before administration? | Triglyceride levels |
| An 80-year-old patient has been taking lorazepam since his wife died a year ago. He has been staying with his son, but will now move to an assisted living facility. Before admission to the assisted living facility, the patient's physician has determined | withdraw the drug gradually over a 2 to 3 week period |
| A community health nurse is performing a home visit to an elderly client who receives twice-weekly wound care. The client has mentioned that she has been having difficulty sleeping, a problem that she has not previously experienced. Which of | Encouraging the patient to change her diet and exercise habits |
| A 72-year-old man who is unable to sleep since admission into the hospital is given a hypnotic medication at 9 p.m. The nurse finds the patient drowsy and confused at 10 a.m. the next day. The nurse is aware that this behavior is most likely due to | decreased hepatic function |
| A 72-year-old man with pain issues is being given a drug by the intramuscular route. His serum blood level concentrations have been erratic. The nurse suspects that this may be due to | decreased blood flow to tissues and muscles |
| A 77-year-old woman who is 5 feet 3 inches tall and weighs 89 lbs has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of failure to thrive. What action should the nurse prioritize when addressing the woman's apparent lack of nutrition? | Assess the reasons behind the patient's poor nutritional status |
| A nurse who is working with an older adult patient who takes eight medications a day wants to promote medication adherence. Which of the following nursing interventions would best promote medication adherence? | Place pills in a daily or weekly pillbox organized according to hours of the day or mealtimes. |
| A nurse is caring for a 92-year-old patient who is taking multiple drugs and displaying increased cognitive impairment and memory loss. The initial action of the nurse would be to | try to distinguish between normal signs of aging and the adverse drug effects. |
| A 76-year-old woman has a complex medical history that includes emphysema, osteoporosis, malnutrition, and hypothyroidism. Recently, the woman fell outside her home as a result of weakness and suffered a fracture to her femoral head. The woman's subseque | her history of emphysema |
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