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Unit 1 Vocabulary
Chapters 1,2, and 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sunbelt | a group of southern states that stretches from the East Coast all the way to California |
| region | areas that are similar in terms of landscape, climate, elevation, and plant and animal life |
| Coastal Plain | the southernmost region in Georgia |
| fall line | the land that rises steadily from beaches and marshlands across the fertile farmland until it reaches a belt od mills about 20 miles wide |
| piedmont | rolling, hilly plateau that stretches north from the fall line to the base of the Blue Ridge Mountains |
| Appalachian Mountains | mountain range that stretches northward from central Alabama to Canada |
| Blue Ridge Mountains | mountains ranges that stretches from Pennsylvania to Georgia; Cohutta Mountains |
| Valley and Ridge | west of the Blue Ridge Mountains and is also a part of the Appalachian Mountains |
| Appalachian Plateau | Georgia's smallest geographical region; also called the Cumberland Plateau and is located in the northwest corner of he state |
| archeologist | scientist who study the past based on what ancient people left behind |
| artifacts | objects that where made, modified, or used by humans |
| prehistoric | periods of the time before written history |
| culture | a way of life shared by people, with similar arts, beliefs, and customs |
| Paleo-Indians | the first people to live in Geogia |
| Archaic Period | the period of Georgia's history that began after the end of the last Ice Age |
| Woodland Period | the period after the Archaic period, from approximately 1000 B.C. to A.D. 900 |
| agriculture | farming |
| Renaissance | the European civilization from the 1300's to 1600's characterized by the increased interested in art and learning |
| conquistadors | a spanish soldier and explorer who led military expeditions in the Americas and captured land from Spain |
| Gulf Stream | a powerful ocean current that flows from the Gulf of Mexico north along the East Coast of North America |
| mercantilism | the government controls trade and attempts to transfer wealth from the colonies to prevent control |
| joint-stock company | back investors- people who put money into a project to earn profits |
| charter | a written contract used by a government giving the holder the right to establish a colony |
| monopoly | complete control over the entire supply of goods or a service in a particular market |
| relative location | a point or place in relation to another point or place |
| absolute location | designated using a specific pairing of latitude and longitude |
| hemisphere | a half of the earth, usually as divided into northern and southern halves by the equator |
| equator | an imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres |
| parallels | each of the imaginary parallel circles of constant latitude on the earth's surface |
| prime meridian | a line of longitude) in a geographical coordinate system at which longitude is defined to be 0° |
| meridians | a circle of constant longitude passing through a given place on the earth's surface and the terrestrial poles |
| latitude | the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, or of a celestial object north or south of the celestial equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes |
| longitude | the angular distance of a place east or west of the meridian at Greenwich, England, or west of the standard meridian of a celestial object, usually expressed in degrees and minutes |
| compass rose | a circle showing the principal directions printed on a map or chart |
| scale | refers to the relationship (or ratio) between distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground |
| goods | a material that satisfies human wants and provides utility |
| services | A type of economic activity that is intangible, is not stored and does not result in ownership |
| imports | bring (goods or services) into a country from abroad for sale |
| exports | send (goods or services) to another country for sale |
| climate | the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period |
| weather | the state of the atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain |
| antiquities | an object, building, or work of art from the ancient past |
| horticulture | the art or practice of garden cultivation and management |
| Clovis Points | the characteristically-fluted projectile points associated with the North American Clovis culture |
| mounds | a rounded mass projecting above a surface |
| palisade | a fence of wooden stakes or iron railings fixed in the ground, forming an enclosure or defense |
| wooly mammoth | a mammoth that was adapted to the cold periods of the Pleistocene, with a long shaggy coat, small ears, and a thick layer of fat |
| barter economy | a cashless economic system in which services and goods are traded at negotiated rates |
| maize | corn |
| bow and arrow | weapon consisting of two parts; the bow is made of a strip of flexible material, such as wood, with a cord linking the two ends of the strip to form a tension from which is propelled the arrow; the arrow is a straight shaft with a sharp point on one |
| projectile points | object that was hafted to a projectile, such as a spear, dart, or arrow, or perhaps used as a knife |
| colonization | the act of setting up a colony away from one's place of origin |
| Spanish missions | missions that were held by the Spanish |
| barrier islands | long narrow island lying parallel and close to the mainland, protecting the mainland from erosion and storms |
| influence | the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something, or the effect itself |
| smallpox | an acute contagious viral disease, with fever and pustules usually leaving permanent scars |
| Catholicism | the faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic Church |
| New World | one of the names used for the Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas |
| shale | soft, finely stratified sedimentary rock that formed from consolidated mud or clay and can be split easily into fragile slabs |
| tribe | a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader |
| clan | a group of close-knit and interrelated families |
| shepherds | a person who tends and rears sheep |
| nomads | a person who does not stay long in the same place; a wanderer |
| effigy | a sculpture or model of a person |
| atlatl | stick used by early American Indians to propel a spear or dart |
| chiefdom | form of hierarchical political organization in non-industrial societies usually based on kinship, and in which formal leadership is monopolized by the legitimate senior members of select families or 'houses' |
| Beringia | a loosely defined region surrounding the Bering Strait, the Chukchi Sea, and the Bering Sea. It includes parts of Chukotka and Kamchatka in Russia as well as Alaska in the United States |
| anthropologist | which is the study of humanity |
| middens | a dunghill or refuse heap |
| moat | a deep, wide ditch surrounding a castle, fort, or town, typically filled with water and intended as a defense against attack |
| podium | a small platform on which a person may stand |
| mastodon | a large, extinct, elephant like mammal of the Miocene to Pleistocene epochs, having teeth of a relatively primitive form and number |
| pottery | pots, dishes, and other articles made of earthenware or baked clay |
| oral tradition | information passed down through the generations by word of mouth that is not written down |
| wattle and daub | material formerly or traditionally used in building walls, consisting of a network of interwoven sticks and twigs covered with mud or clay |
| mound builder | people who build mounds |
| expeditions | a journey or voyage undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose, especially that of exploration, scientific research, or war |
| Guale-Sea Island | historic Native American chiefdom along the coast of present-day Georgia |
| fur trade | worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur |
| monarchy | a form of government with a monarch at the head |
| protestant | a member or follower of any of the Western Christian churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church and follow the principles of the Reformation, including the Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran churches |
| mercantilism | belief in the benefits of profitable trading |
Created by:
ademery1
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