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DAC1 Comp 3
WGU DAC1 Information Systems Management Competency 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| database | maintain information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses) |
| database management system (DBMS) | software through which users and application programs interact with a database |
| query-by-example (QBE) tool | helps users graphically design the answer to a question against a database |
| structured query language (SQL) | users write lines of code to answer questions against a database |
| data element / data field | the smallest or basic unit of information in a database |
| data models | a formal way to express data relationships to a database management system (DBMS) |
| metadata | details about data |
| data dictionary | compiles all of the metadata about the data elements in the data model |
| relational database model | a type of database that stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables |
| relational database management system | a system that allows users to create, read, update, and delete data in a relational database |
| entity / table | in the relational database model, a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored |
| attributes / columns / fields | characteristics or properties of an entity |
| record | a collection of related data elements |
| primary key | a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table |
| foreign key | a primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables |
| physical view of information | the physical storage of information on a storage device such as a hard disk |
| logical view of information | focuses on how users logically access information to meet their particular business needs |
| information redundancy | the duplication of data, or the storage of the same data in multiple places |
| information integrity | a measure of the quality of information |
| integrity constraints | the rules that help ensure the quality of information |
| relational integrity constraints | the rules that enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraints |
| business rule | defines how a company performs a certain aspect of its business and typically results in either a yes/no or true/false answer |
| business-critical integrity constraint | enforces business rules vital to an organization's success and often requires more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraints |
| increased flexibility, increased scalability and performance, reduced information redundancy, increased information integrity, increased information security | Relational Database Advantages |
| integration | allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other |
| forward integration | takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes |
| backward integration | takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes |
| data warehouse | a logical collection of information- gathered from many different databases- that supports business analysis activities and decision-making tasks |
| extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) | a process that extracts information from internal and external databases, transforms the information using a common set of enterprise definition, and loads the information into a data warehouse |
| data mart | contains a subset of data warehouse information |
| cube | the common term for the representation of multidimensional information |
| data mining | the process of analyzing data to extract information not offered by the raw data alone |
| data-mining tools | uses a variety of techniques to find patterns and relationships in large volumes of information and infer rules from then that predict future behavior and guide decision making |
| information cleansing or scrubbing | a process that weed out and fixes or discards, inconsistent, incorrect, or incomplete information |
| informing | accessing large amounts of data from different management information systems |
| infographics | displays information graphically so it can be easily understood |
| data visualization | describes technologies that allow users to "see" or visualize data to transform information into a business perspective |
| data visualization tools | moves beyond Excel graphs and charts into sophisticated analysis techniques such as pie charts, controls, instruments, maps, time-series graphs, etc. |
| business intelligence dashboards | tracks corporate metrics such as critical success factors and key performance indicators and includes advance capabilities such as interactive controls, allowing users to manipulate data for analysis |
Created by:
csmi384
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