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History
Quiz 1
| Indentured Servitude | _Young Men Paid for their passage to the New World by working for an employer for 7 years. The 18th century in the British colonies in North America. |
| Puritans | 1636. Went to Mass. _they were calvanist who believed in predestinations. _Separalist: pilgims wanted to seperated from. _Puritians (pilgrims) belived they were still apart of Anglican church. _Non-Sep. _Believed educated & trained religion (Bible). |
| Chaco Canyon | A huge land left, where the Native Americans use to live. In New Mexico. _40miles of rough road to get there |
| Enlightenment | Changed the way ppl looked @ the world. Late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. _New ppl came with new ideas to positively effect the New World. |
| Great Awakening | The break from Catholism were ppl had their religious awakening. _Religious revival in American religious history between the early 18th century and the late 19th century. _Increased diversity, population growth, caused Geographical mobility. |
| Roger Williams | Early 1630s. _Took the puritan quests for purity and local authority to their logical extremes, while raising uncomfortable questions about land & power. |
| Mercantilism | _Started in Pennsylvaina. _belief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism. _England-hierachary emerged of the money trade. _Tax: the English ability to certain trade rights. _Kept wealth in England. _Growth of b4 capitilism destroyed |
| Captain John Smith | Leader of Virginia colony (Cheasapeake Bay). _Explored rivers/bays in Virginia. _He was around during the era of dealing with the Indians. _ He was considered to have played an important part in the establishment of Jamestown |
| John Winthrop | "A City Upon a Hill" he wanted to she a shinning example -becan. _A preacher in charge of the Mass Bay Colony. |
| Proprietary Colony | a colony owned and ruled by one person who was chosen by a king or queen |
| George Whitefield | Was know for speaking (sermons) in open air to huge crowds. _During the great awakening. _He help spread the great awakening. _English clergyman who was known for his ability to convince many people through his sermons. |
| William Penn | Early Quaker and founder of the Province of Pennsylvania. |
| City Upon the Hill | A quote from John Winthrop. _He wanted to be an example... a city he built to make others look up to him/it. |
| Cahokia | 20-30,000 people. _Built huge mounds of dirt (looks like trash dumps, built underground). _World created hierarchy, slavery through Indians Civilization |
| Yamasee War | (1715) war between the South Carolina settlers and the local natives who did not like being used for slavery and threatened for their land |
| Cotton Mather | was a Puritan minister in Boston, Massachusetts during the Colonial-era. Mather was an adviser to judges during the Salem witch trials. |
| Paternalism | ???????????? |
| King Philip's War | War between the N.A's tribes of New England & British colonists from 1675-1676. _Tension caused by white settlers. The chief of the Wampanoags, King Philip lead the natives. The war ended Indian resistance in New England and left a hatred of whites. |
| Henry VII | 16th century. _King of England, was famously married six times and played a critical role in the English Reformation, turning his country into a Protestant nation. _created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage |
| Fort Orange | 1624. _Dutch to the Netherlands. _Trading center on the upper Hudson had been transformed into "Fort Orange." *EX: fur would be traded for firearms or other weapons. |
| Board of Trade | AKA Lord of Trades committee since 1675, had held responsible for advising the king colonial affairs. |
| Little Ice Age | After the medival era. _Retain agriculture (CornBeanSquash). _De-centralized cheifdom _Impact of LIA was crop faliure, disease, cities, & emergence of greater centralization. |
| Massasoit | Massasoit was the leader of the Wampanoag when the Pilgrims arrived at Plymouth in 1620 |
| Edmund Andros | An English colonial administrator in North America. He was the governor of the Dominion of New England during most of its three-year existence. |
| Louisbourg | 1758 _Important battle in that it cut off French reinforcements. It also allowed allowed the British to sail down the St. Lawrence River to Quebec, the last real French stronghold in North America. |
| Quebec | ??????????????????????? |
| La Caroline | French Colony. _1565 a group of French Protestants settled on St. Johns river in La Florida. _Did not last long |
| Joint Stock Company | Emergent Capitalism (Rhode Island & Connitucuit) |
| Femme Covert | The legal rights of a feme sole became her husband's upon her marriage. To contract, the feme covert needed her husband's consent. _Role of Women...they were legally invisible. _Crops, their power was control over food. _Women couldn't own property |
| Pilgrims | ??????????????????????? |
| Glorious Revolution | Political events 1688-1689, when James II abdicated his throne & was replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband. In this bloodless revolution, the English Parliament, William, & Mary agreed to overthrow James II for the sake of Protestantism. |
| Iroquois | Indians between Empires. _18th century Native Americans in colonial america. _powerful and important northeast Native American confederacy (6 nations). |
| Bacon's Rebellion | 1676-77. _When Jamestown was burned down. Young men started to survive the indentured sertivtude years & they wanred more land. The Indians owned land so they started to kell them for land. _Need for labor |
| Anne Hutchinson | Anne Hutchinson, born Anne Marbury, was a Puritan spiritual adviser, mother of 15, and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy that shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638. |
| Virginia Colony | The Virginia Company refers collectively to a joint stock company chartered by James I in 1606 with the purposes of establishing settlements on the coast of North America. |
| Jamestown | Why ppl went to JT Assumption: Wealth to exploit, native poplulation to enslave, & superiority of culture. _In the early years of Jamestown ppl were likely to get sick & die. _out of 500 ppl only 60 lived. _Dismoswamp- this was a successful colony. |
| Metacom | Metacomet, also known as King Philip, was the second son of the sachem Massasoit. He became a Wampanoag chief in 1662 when his brother Wamsutta died shortly after his father Massasoit. |
| Quakers | Questioned slavery. _Quakers are members of the Religious Society of Friends, a faith that emerged as a new Christian denomination in England during a period of religious turmoil in the mid-1600's. To members "Quaker"and "Friend" mean the same thing. |
| Roanoke | The lost colony in Virginia. _They did not go with enough ppl & supplies. The ship went back to reup & when they came back they all died bc of the harsh winter. _16th century. _Queen Elizabeth I to establish a permanent English settlement |
| Olaudah Equiano | Olaudah Equiano, known in his lifetime as Gustavus Vassa, was a prominent African in London, a freed slave who supported the British movement to end the slave trade. |
| Deference | courteous yielding to the wishes and ideas of another person; great respect marked by submission, as to a superior |
| Jacob Leisler | American colonist. _He helped create the Huguenot settlement of New Rochelle in 1688 and later served as the acting Lieutenant Governor of New York. |
| Plantation | Planting of colonies. _ |
| Pop'ay | Po’pay is a historical Pueblo Indian leader from New Mexico. In the 1600s Po'pay successfully organized and coordinated a revolt which liberated the Southwest Pueblo people from the oppression suffered at the hands of the Spaniards. |
| Teedyuscung | Was known by the whites as the King of the Delawares. _He worked to establish a permanent Lenape home in eastern Pennsylvania in the Lehigh, Susquehanna and Delaware River valleys. |
| Town Meeting | Not really democratic. _Church members voted (the members were mostly adult males). _Hierarchy society. _To choose select men (you had to attend the church meetings faithfully). |
| Ninnimissinouk | ?????????????????????? |
| Salem Witchcraft | 1692. _The Salem witch trials were a series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft in colonial Massachusetts. _Witches were down south usually near ocean. Accuser were up in the rural parts. |
| Anglicanization | English Identity. _Process whereby everyone had to accept English social, political, and institutional patterns of life during the 18th century |
| Treaty of Paris of 1763 | Ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France, as well as their respective allies |
| Corn | major crop for the N.A. _early english settlers relied on corn. _ |
| 1622 Massacre | Native American launched an attack (secret) on English population. _English killed N.A back (through the conquistadoe mentality). _The english burned down the corn field (in spite) but that harmed them as well bc they need to eat too. |
| Royal Colony | Boom time in Virginia 1620s, creation of Royal Colony 1624. _a colony whose governor is appointed by the crown |
| Fur Trade | The nature of the New England socity where the economy was fur trade. _is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. |
| Conquistador | Richter described them as biased terms (ruthless, oppressive, & violent). _Sought to convert & control the local pop. _Linked arm conquest to eternal salvation. _C. Method: Adalentado = advancer. [1492 Columbus sailed ocean blue, conquistador mentality] |
| Jesuits | Society of Jesus. _Educated to convert people by learning the language and culture. _Is a male religious congregation of the Catholic Church. |
| New France | Around the time John Smith & the Jamestown settlers were in Virginia, France was settlementling the mouth of the ST. LAWRENCE RIVER to found QUEBEC in 1608. _SAMUEL DE CHAMPLAIN led a group of French colonists. |
| Pontiac's War | 1763 - An Indian uprising after the French and Indian War, led by an Ottowa chief named Pontiac. They opposed British expansion into the western Ohio Valley and began destroying British forts in the area. The attacks ended when Pontiac was kill |
| John Eliot | was a Puritan missionary to the American Indians whom some called “the apostle to the Indians.” |
| West Indies | Slaves were important to the West Indies, they were used on sugar plantations. _This was the end point to the middle passage. |
| Pequot War | 1634-38. _was an armed conflict between the Pequot tribe and an alliance of the English colonists of the Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies and their Native American allies. |
| St. Augustine | Early spanish colony in Florida in 1565 |
| Dominion of New England | 1670-80s. King James II attempts to consolidate all of the New England colonies into one large colony. By taking away the rights of the people in those colonies. The Glorious Revolution puts the end to this & restores the rights of the people. |
| Seven Years War | (1756-1763) It was the war between the French and their Indian allies and the English that proved the English to be the more dominant force of what was to be the United States both commercially and in terms of controlled regions. |
| Middle Passages | Middle 1600s. _Sea through w coast Africa to west Indies. _ Triangular trade in which millions of Africans were shipped to the New World as part of the Atlantic slave trade. |
| Hierarchy | ??????????????????? |
| William Berkeley | was a colonial governor of Virginia, and one of the Lords Proprietors of the Colony of Carolina; he was appointed to these posts by King Charles I of England. |
| Jonathan Edwards | His sermons and writings stimulated a period of renewed interest in religion in America (1703-1758). Outstanding preacher of the Great Awakening. He had vivid descriptions of Hell that terrified listeners. |
| Paxton Boys | They were a group of Scots-Irish men living in the Appalachian hills that wanted protection from Indian attacks. They made an armed march on Philadelphia in 1764. They protested the lenient way that the Quakers treated the Indians. |
| Pocahontas | Pocahontas the Indian princess who helped save Jamestown by keeping John Smith from being killed by her father |
| L'Anse aux Meadows | Site where Viking artifacts were found, indicating their presence around 1000 A.D. |
| Powhatan | the father of Pocahontas who planned an attack on Jamestown |
| Duke's Laws | a set of guidelines, covered every facet of life in the colony & were published in alphabetical order—from how arrests were to be carried out, how juries were to be picked. _directed at English & Dutch colonists but covered what Indians could and couldn't |
| Headrights | 17th century, N.A., England Indentured. _awarding 50 acres of land to any colonist who paid for his or another person's passage |
| Restoration | Christian movement that began on the American frontier during the Second Great Awakening (1790–1870) of the early 19th century. |
| Tabacco | 1620s. _Saved the Virginia Colony. _Its an intensive controled labor. _Requiress a lot of land. _This is were the indentured servants came in & yound men signed the contract but they most likely dies before the contract was up. |
| Barbados | 1627 _one of the most important colonies bc they grew sugar (also important bc of slavery). |
| Whig History | Looking at the past through the eyes of the present. (Colonial Period). _Precursor of the American Revolution |
| Agency | Different demographic of ppl. _Its important in history, ppl marginalize minorities that don't have a voice. We get the perspective from the majority dominate white males. Historians tell about minority group to understand how small group can effect socie |
| Thanksgiving | Was an exaggerated story, not a representation of the real story. _It was the meeting of 2 cultures. _was a lot of hostility. _Instead of turkey on a plate (N.A. head on a stake). |
| Navigational Act | A series of laws that restricted the use of foreign ships for trade between Britain and its colonies. They began in 1651. |
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