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1st Nine Weeks
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where could you have found the most colonies with the greatest Spanish influence in 1500? | South America |
| Why was the Line of Demarcation created in the late 1490s? (Think Treaty of Tordesillas) | to set up boundaries for Spain and Portugal which referred to newly discovered territories |
| The astrolabe, an example of improved technology of the 15th and 16th centuries, had the greatest impact on | Navigation skills |
| The voyages of European exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries were made mainly by | many new or improved technologies |
| What basic economic concept does European exploration and colonization of many areas of the world represent? | supply and demand |
| Which event best shows the impact of the economic factors of supply and demand? | European exploration and colonization |
| Mercantilism was the principle that | the purpose of colonies is to economically benefit the mother country |
| Through the use of what system did mercantilism make Great Britain thrive in the late 1600s? | the Triangular Trade |
| As a result of the Age of Exploration, Western European nations | controlled more and more international trade |
| A major reason for the growing wealth in Europe during the era of colonization can be traced to | the creation of a middle class |
| The Middle Passage referred to | the transportation of slaves from Africa to the New World |
| Why did the findings of Galileo frighten Catholic and Protestant leaders? | His findings went against church teaching and authority |
| In the early 17th century, Galileo Galilei was convicted of heresy for claiming that Earth revolved around the Sun. This conviction was an example of | early conflicts between religion and science |
| Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton: This is a list of people who were pioneers of the | Scientific Revolution |
| Who is this describing? Born in 1643, died in 1727; English physicist, mathematician and astronomer; Described the laws of universal gravitation and laws of motion; Widely considered the most influential scientist in history | Isaac Newton |
| Sir Isaac Newton revolutionized the way people understood the universe in the 17th century when he proved the | sun's gravity keeps the planets within their orbits |
| Why was the scientific method considered to be a major contribution during the Scientific Revolution? | The scientific method established a systematic way to find proof using reason |
| Sir Isaac Newton is most associated with | Laws of Motion and Gravity |
| A procedure using logic for the gathering and testing of scientific data is called | The Scientific Method |
| Which scientific thinker posed theories that brought him into direct conflict with the Catholic Church? | Galileo |
| How did the English Bill of Rights limit the power of the monarch? | The monarch could not levy taxes without a specific grant from Parliament |
| What led to England's transition from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy? | The Glorious Revolution |
| Who does this describe? Leader of the Roundheads during the English Civil War; signed execution warrant for the king; founder of the republic of England; "Lord Protector of England" | Oliver Cromwell |
| These events caused what? James II conflicts with Parliament; Religious tensions sweep England; William of Orange invades in 1688 | Glorious Revolution |
| When Mary and William took over the throne in England n 1688 when James II abdicated, why was it called the Glorious Revolution? | because the revolution was bloodless and without violence |
| What did William and Mary agree to when becoming joint monarchs of the English throne in 1688? | signing the English Bill of Rights |
| What Enlightenment ideas are reflected in the US Constitution Preamble? "We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense... | The government's power comes from the people |
| What does this passage describe? The US Constitution creates a government in which there are three branches of government. Each brand has a specific function. | Checks and Balances |
| What was the greatest influence and inspiration for the American Revolution? | The Enlightenment |
| Enlightenment thinkers contributed to changes in relationships between citizens and governments through their belief that | governments are instituted to protect citizens' rights |
| What best describes the phrase "common good"? | something that benefits everyone |
| The Enlightenment influenced revolutionary thought by | instilling a belief in the natural rights of man |
| The American Revolution inspired the overthrow of which European system? | The British Monarchy |
| The leading factor in the European colonization of Asia between 1500 and 1800 was the desire | to dominate and control trade |
| What was a major effect of the European slave trade on Africa? | The decline of African kingdoms accelerated |
| The people who came to the American colonies in the 17th century had already been exposed to the idea of a limited government thanks mainly to | the Magna Carta |
| Which nation provided the foundation for the concept of limited government that is embodied in the US Constitution? | England |
| Why are authoritarian and totalitarian systems considered unlimited governments? | The government leaders have absolute power |
| What is the name of the agreement that laid the foundation for a limited monarchy in England? | Magna Carta |
| What are all of the governments? Totalitarian, Absolutism, Dictatorship | examples of unlimited government |
| What type of government do these terms describe? Restraints upon power and authority of government; Citizens are given individual rights; Citizens can participate in government decisions | Limited government |
| The term "divine right" is most closely related to what type of government? | absolute monarchies |
| What is an example of unlimited government? | absolute monarchies |
| What was the outcome of the Glorious Revolution and the establishment of a limited government in England? | The Glorious Revolution established the victory of Parliament over the king and limited the power of the government |
| What is considered the first event to take place in Europe that began to restrain the power of the government and create a structure that was limited in nation | King John signed the Magna Carta in 1215 |
| Which term describes the era when new ideas in physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry and other sciences led to a rejection of superstitions and beliefs that had existed since ancient times? | The Scientific Revolution |
| The term heliocentric refers to which belief? | The sun is at the center of the universe |
| Both John Locke and Thomas Jefferson wrote about the natural rights of man. in what document are these "unalienable rights" specifically mentioned? | The Declaration of Independence |
| The Declaration of Independence and the "Social Contract Theory" both arose from which philosophical movement? | Enlightenment |
| The political theory that people form governments for their mutual protection and that government rules only with the consent of those people is known as | social contract theory |
| What did the ideas of John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu, and Jean Jacques Rousseau have in common? | The philosophies inspired the American and French Revolutions |
| John Locke, Baron de Montesquieu and Jean Jacques Rousseau all were | influences on the ideals that shaped American government |
| According to John Locke, if the government failed to protect natural rights, what did citizens have the right to do? | Overthrow the government and establish a new one |
| Montesquieu is credited with devising the basic Constitutional principle of | separation and balance of governmental power |
| Which European philosopher proposed that dividing the government into three branches would prevent any one person or group from gaining total control? | Baron de Montesquieu |
| What statement best characterizes the central idea of the Enlightenment? | Logic and reason are capable of solving social and political problems |
| In English history, the Magna Carta (1215) and the English Bil lof Rights (1689) both reinforce the concept of | a limited monarchy |
| What was the purpose of the English Bill of Rights? | To limit the power of the British monarch |
| After the Glorious Revolution, England became a constitutional monarchy when William and Mary recognized Parliament as their partner in governing. How does a constitutional monarchy differ from an absolute monarchy? | In a constitutional monarchy, laws limit the ruler's power |
| The document signed as a result of the Glorious Revolution is the | English Bill of Rights |
| Which technological innovation had the most direct impact on European exploration in the 15th century? | Navigational compass |
| Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations was a reaction to what economic policy? | Mercantilism...Adam Smith is the father of capitalism |
| What was the goal of mercantilism after the 1600s? | advantageous balance of trade. |
| Which economic system is based on the free exchange between buyers and sellers? | Market system |
| As feudalism ended in Western Europe, which two groups became the backbone of the middle class? | merchants and ship owners |
| Slaves were originally brought to British North America for the purpose of | tobacco cultivation |
| Which religious system can now be found in Asian nations as a direct result of European colonization? | Christianity |
| Who was famously put under house arrest because he challenged the Catholic Church and its teachings by introducing new scientific ideas? | Galileo |
| Which of these was not a major contributing factor to the Scientific Revolution? | Enlightenment thinkers |
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LewisR
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