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ABA 740 Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Represents Quantity | Vertical Axis |
| Represents Time | Horizontal axis |
| Problems with using visual inspection to review data | Difficult to invoke reliability |
| Primary tool for data analysis and interpretation in single subject designs | Visual Analysis |
| What to do when data is excessively variable | Go back and redefine the behavior |
| Any unintended change in the way an observer uses a measurement system over the course of an investigation that results in measurement error; often entails a shift in the observer's interpretation of the original definitions of the target behavior | Observer drift |
| Fundamental properties of behavior illustrated on a graph | Level, trend, variability |
| When comparing discrete sets of data that are not related to each other by a common dimension (e.g. time) by which the x axis could be scaled | Bar graph |
| A type of graph on which the cumulative number of responses emitted is represented on the vertical axis. Number or responses just added to those during previous obs. | Cumulative graph |
| Most common graphing format for displaying data in ABA. any point within plane represents specific relationship between two variables | Line graph |
| To discover relative distribution of individ measures in adata set with respect to variables depicted by x and y axes. Data not connected. shows changes in value of variable on one axis correlated with change in variable on other axis | Scatterplot |
| Changes in intervention may not be apparent and target behavior may improve before treatment. | Challenges in interpreting data |
| Ways to measure target behavior | Frequency, Duration, Latency, Magnitude, Locus, Topography |
| Functional relations are a result of controlled experiments. The experiment will show a change in the dependent variable consistently as a result of changes or manipulations of the independent variable. | How to determine if there is a functional relationship in the graph- |
| solid lines are PHASE change lines - major independent variable . Dotted lines -- condition change: some type of variation on the intervention | Phase change line |
| Formula for calculating point by point agreement | Agreements/Agreements + Disagreements X 100 |
| What does visual inspection permit the reader to do? | Visual Inspection allows for inspection of trend prior to intervention, rather than just comparing average differences |
| What is the primary mechanism for data analysis in other areas of psychological research? | Statistical Analysis |
| When can frequency ratio be used to calculate IOA for behavior? | Duration/Latency/Interval Recording |
| Problems associated with using frequency ratio to calculate IOA | No way to determine if raters agreed on any instances of the behavior |
| Types of graphs which can be created in excel | Bar, Line, Scatterplot, Cummlative |
| The variable in an experiment measured to determine if it changes as a result of manipulations of the independent variable; in applied behavior analysis, it represents some measure of a socially significant behavior. (See target behavior; compare with ind | Dependent variable |
| The variable that is systematically manipulated by the researcher in an experiment to see whether changes in the independent variable produce reliable changes in the dependent variable. In applied behavior analysis, it is usually an environmental event or | Independent variable |
| Occurs when the behavior that is measured is the same as the behavior that is the focus of the investigation. | Direct measurement |
| Occurs when the behavior that is measured is in some way different from the behavior of interest; considered less valid than direct measurement because inferences about the relation between the data obtained and the actual behavior of interest are require | Indirect measurement |
| The extent to which a measurement procedure yields the same value when brought into repeated contact with the same state of nature. | RELIABILITY |
| The overall direction taken by a data path is its __________________. | Trend |
| Any experimental design in which the researcher attempts to verify the effect of the independent variable by "reversing" responding to a level obtained in a previous condition | Reversal design |
| An experimental design that begins with the concurrent measurement of two or more behaviors in a baseline condition, followed by the application of the treatment variable to one of the behaviors while baseline conditions remain in effect for the other beh | Multiple baseline design |
| An experimental design in which two or more conditions (one of which may be a no treatment control condition) are presented in rapidly alternating succession (e.g., on alternating sessions or days) independent of the level of responding; differences in re | Alternating treatments design |
| A wide variety of research designs that use a form of experimental reasoning called baseline logic to demonstrate the effects of the independent variable on the behavior of individual subjects. Can be considered the most frequently used design in behavio | Single-subject design |
| The extent to which data obtained from measurement are directly relevant to the target behavior of interest and to the reason(s) for measuring it. | Valid measurement |
| Ethical concerns when creating graphical displays of data | The extent and variability in data, the level of the data, and trends in the data |
| A procedure for enhancing the believability of data that involves comparing independent observations from two or more people of the same events. | Independent observations |
Created by:
npere18