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Question

Who is ultimately responsible for prison OPERATIONS?
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What tend to increase the personnel and resources used to maintain and manage the organization?
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Ch. 9 Test

QuestionAnswer
Who is ultimately responsible for prison OPERATIONS? warden or superintendent
What tend to increase the personnel and resources used to maintain and manage the organization? Bureaucracies
Bureaucratic functions often fall to a ________ for management, who is responsible for housekeeping tasks deputy warden
T/F: Educational, vocational, and treatment programs have been a part of corrections since the late 1800s. T
The rehab and educational personnel find it difficult to achieve their goals in institutions whose primary mission is ________ . custody
Since the invention of the penitentiary, inmate labor has been used for what two things? industry and agriculture
There are 300,000 correctional officers in _______ prisons. state
A correctional officer must be at least how old? 18-21
T/F: Over the past 3 decades, the correctional officer's role has greatly changed. T
The public has traditionally characterized the correctional officer as what? mindless and brutal custodian
T/F: Human service activities undertaken by officers include: providing goods & services, acting as referral agents/advocates, and helping with institutional adjustment problems. T
In how many states is the correctional staff organized into ranks of officer, sergeant, lt., and captain? Most
Who are the main DISCIPLINARIANS of the institution? Lieutenants
Are officers subject to inspections? Yes
In some institutions, a correctional officer's superior may give them what? tickets or disciplinary reports
The early CJ literature either ignored the prison officer or painted a picture of an individual with a "________" resulting from the routine of numbering, counting, checking, and locking. lock psychosis
Studies have shown that a primary incentive for becoming a correctional officer is the ______ of a civil service job. security
Most correctional facilities are located where? Prison work is often better than other available jobs. rural areas
T/F: Over the past 40 years, fed. courts, 1964 Civil Rights Act, & affirmative action programs have dramatically changed the racial/gender composition of the correctional officer force. T
Approximately what percent of correctional officers belong to minority groups? Are women? 30%, 23%
How many states require cadets to complete a preservice training program? Most, not all
T/F: The classroom work often bears little resemblance to problems confronted in the cell block or in the yard. T
Of all the correctional staff, officers where have the CLOSEST contact with prisoners? in the cell blocks
T/F: Work in the housing units of some prisons is dangerous because the officers don't carry weapons, are greatly outnumbered, and can be easily overwhelmed by the prisoners. T
Who provides labor for feeding, cleaning, and maintaining the institution? inmates
Which is more relaxed: work area or cell block? work area
Officers assigned to the towers or along the walls (or fences) have how much contact with inmates? almost none
Are women still limited to only working with women prisoners? No
Female officers are thought to exert a "________" influence on the environment, making it more livable and less violent. softening
job-related mental tension job stress
a condition where an employee is either emotionally and/or physically worn out, often as a result of long-term stress job burnout
Organizational justice is made up of what two important elements? procedural and distributive justice
relates to fairness of organizational PROCESSES procedural justice
focuses on organizational OUTCOMES distributive justice
When social distance breaks down, officers are more prone to commit _________ . boundary violations
behavior that blurs, minimizes, or disrupts the social distance between prison staff and inmates, resulting in violations of departmental policy boundary violations
What percent of boundary violations are dual relationships? General boundary violations? Staff-inmate sexual contact? 80%, 8%, 12%
What boundary violation is the most serious? staff-inmate sexual contact
T/F: 5 situations which it's legally acceptable for officers using force: self-defense, defense of 3rd persons, upholding prison rules, prevention of crime, prevention of escapes. T
Are corporal punishment and excessive force allowed for correctional officers? No
Is collective bargaining for prison workers a fairly recent phenomenon? Yes
The great expansion of the incarcerated population over the past decade has brought more than what percent increase in the number of correctional officers nationwide? 400%
What set the procedures for hiring, promoting, assigning, disciplining, and firing public employees? civil service laws
Workplace rules also develop through collective-bargaining agreements between _____ and the government. unions
In what case did the Supreme Court say that Section 1983 provides a means not only for prisoners but also for probationers and parolees to bring lawsuits against correctional officials? Cooper v. Pate 1964
What statute says that "any person" who deprives others of their constitutional rights while acting under the authority of law may be liable in a lawsuit? Cooper v. Pate 1964
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