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Court system

The American Court System

TermDefinition
Personal Jurisdiction a courts authority over the parties to a law suit
Special Jurisdiction the power of a court to hear only certain kinds of cases
General Jurisdiction the power of a court to hear any type of case
Appellate Jurisdiction the power of a court to review a case for errors of law
Original Jurisdiction authority of a court to hear a case when it is first brought to court
Jurisdiction authority of a court to hear and decide cases
Dual court system court system consisting of one system of state and local courts and another system of federal courts
Summary or bench trials trials without a jury
trial de novo trial in which an entire case is reheard by a trial court of general jurisdiction
writ of certiorari written order from the us supreme court to a lower court whose decision is being appealed to send the records of the case forward for review
writ of habeas corpus order from a court to an officer of the law to produce a prisoner in court to determine if the prisoner is being legally detained
complaint a charging document specifying that an offense has been committed by a person
arrest warrant written order directing law enforcement officers to arrest a person
bench warrant document that authorizes a suspects of defendants arrest for not appearing in court as required
rules of discovery rules that mandate that a prosecutor provide defense counsel with any exculpatory evidence in the prosecutors possession
plea bargaining in many jurisdictions the judge agree on a specific sentence to be imposed if the accused pleads guilt to an agreed upon charge or charges instead of going to trial
incapacitation the removal of restriction of the freedom of those found to have violated criminal laws
Created by: destinyduvall44
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