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GOV Topic 2 Voc Pt1
GOV Topic 2 Vocabulary 1,2 (Lesson 2 #1-8)PEARSON 2016
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| limited government | basic principle of American government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that government cannot take away |
| representative government | system of government in which public policies are made by officials selected by the voters and held accountable in periodic elections |
| Magna Carta | Great Charter forced upon King John of England by his barons in1215; established that the power of the monarchy was not absolute and guaranteed trial by jury and due process of law to the nobility |
| due process | the government must act fairly and in accord with established rules in all that it does |
| Petition of Right | document prepared by Parliament and signed by King Charles I of England in 1628; challenged the idea of the divine right of kings and declared that even the monarch was subject to the laws of the land |
| English Bill of Rights | document written by Parliament and agreed on by William and Mary of England in 1689, designed to prevent abuse of power by English monarchs; forms the basis for much in American government and politics today |
| charter | a city’s basic law, its constitution; a written grant of authority from the king |
| bicameral | describes the legislative body composed of two chambers |
| proprietary | organized by a proprietor |
| unicameral | describing a legislative body with one chamber |
| Jamestown | settled in 1607 |
| King John | In 1215 after attempting to tax them heavily, a group of determined barons forced him to sign the Magna Carta. |
| King Charles I | In 1628, he asked Parliament for more money in taxes, which they refused until he agreed to sign the Petition of Right |
| William and Mary of Orange | In 1689, after years of revolt and turmoil, Parliament offered the crown to them and they were forced to sign the English Bill of Rights to prevent further abuses of power. |
| Glorious Revolution | The events surrounding the ascent of William and Mary to throne of England was known as this |
| King George II | granted charters in the colonies giving colonists some governing rights while the Crown retained a certain amount of power over a colony |
| George Calvert, Lord Baltimore | was granted Maryland as a proprietary colony to him 1632 which intended as a haven for Catholics; the government was much like those in the royal colonies. |
| William Penn | In 1681, Pennsylvania was granted to Penn and in 1682 he also acquired Delaware. The governments in these colonies were much like those in the royal colonies. |
| Albany Plan of Union | plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies and the Crown |
| Benjamin Franklin | – from Pennsylvania, he published the famous political cartoon in 1754 of the “snake” with caption of “Join, or Die”; joined the Continental Congress as it transitioned to the Second Continental Congress |
| popular sovereignty | basic principle of the American system of government which asserts that the people are the source of any and all governmental power, and government can exist only with the consent of the governed |
| duty | or tariffs are “taxes” paid on imported goods |
| John Jay | Delegate from New York at the First Continental Congress; favored a course of moderation and drafted the Olive Branch Petition at a last attempt to make peace with Great Britain |
| John Adams | a rising lawyer in Boston was also present at the First Continental Congress |
| Samuel Adams | a political leader that formed a group of organized resistance that became known as the Committees of Correspondence in Boston in 1772 |
Created by:
cwarsing
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