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Child Development U1

Arkansas Child Development Unit 1

TermDefinition
ADOLESCENCE the period of great growth and change between childhood and adulthood
CHILD DEVELOPMENT the study of how children grow and change physically, intellectually, emotionally, socially and morally
EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT a development process that refers to the ability to experience, express and control emotions
ENVIRONMENT a person's surroundings and everything in them, including both human and non-human factors
SIGMUND FREUD Austrian psychiatrist whose theory states that a person's early emotional experiences affect adult life profoundly
HEREDITY the sum of all the qualities a person inherits from his or her parents at birth
INDIVIDUAL LIFE CYCLE a series of stages a person passes through during his or her lifetime. They are: Infancy, Toddler, Preschool, School Age and Adolescent
INFANCY period of childhood from birth up to one year
INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT a developmental process that refers to the growth of the brain and the use of mental skills
MARIA MONTESSORI Italian educator whose theory states children learn best through their senses pursuing their own interests at their own rate
MONTESSORI SCHOOL a school providing children freedom within limits by a rather structured approach and a fixed method in which materials are presented
MORAL DEVELOPMENT developmental process that refers to the ability to know right from wrong
OBSERVATION an act of recognizing and recording behavior
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT a developmental process that refers to the physical growth of a person's body. This growth affects height, weight and internal body systems
JEAN PIAGET the first to study children in a scientific way; he said that children go through four stages of thinking and should be given learning tasks suitable for each stage
PRESCHOOLER period of childhood from three to five years of age
SCHOOL AGE a child old enough to attend school. Ages five-twelve
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT a developmental process that refers to the way people relate to others around them
THEORY a scientifically acceptable principle followed as the basis of action
TODDLER period of childhood from one to three years of age
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