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ch 9
muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Functions of muscles are for | A.the heartbeat.B.muscle tone.C.distribution of heat.D.moving bones. |
| The outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle is the | Epimysium. |
| Myofibrils are composed primarily of | actin and myosin. |
| The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from the | sarcomere organization. |
| Transverse tubules | transmit muscle impulses into the cell interior. |
| The discoloration and swelling of a muscle strain is due to | ruptured blood vessels. |
| A tendon is ______, whereas an aponeurosis is ______. | cordlike and connects muscles to bones; a broad, fibrous sheet of connective tissue that connects muscles to muscles |
| Muscle fibers are basically a collection of | sarcomeres |
| Transverse tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum are well developed in fibers | skeletal muscle fibers |
| The functional unit of muscle contraction is | the sacomere |
| Neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles in | motor neuron endings |
| The enzyme acetylecholinesterase causes acetylcholine to | decompose |
| creatine phosphate | supplies energy for the synthesis of ATP. |
| The amount of oxygen liver cells require to react lactic acid to produce glucose or the glycogen glycogen is the | oxygen dept |
| Tawanda finishes a sprint and suffers great pain in her calf muscles. Her muscle cramps are most likely dueto a temporary deficit of | ATP |
| Athletes usually experience muscle fatigue less quickly than nonathletes because they | .produce less lactic acid. |
| At a neuromuscular junction the muscle fiber membrane folds forming a | motor end plate |
| The toxin that causes botulism | prevents release of acetylcholine. |
| Rigor mortis affects skeletal muscles a few hours after death due to | decreased ATP and increased permeability to calcium. |
| At a neuromuscular junction | .neurotransmitters are released. |
| The first event in muscle fiber contraction is that. | acetylcholine is released from the end of the motor neuron. |
| Which of the following statements is correct? | Actin filaments slide along myosin filaments. |
| The functional connection between a neuron and a skeletal muscle fiber is | synapse |
| __________ degrades acetylcholine keeping it from accumulating in the synapse. | Acetylcholinesterase |
| A shift in metabolism that breaks down pyruvic acid to lactic acid is called | anaerobic threshold. |
| Oxygen debt in muscles may develop because of | the inability of respiratory and circulatory systems to supply enough oxygen to skeletal muscles when used strenuously for a minute or two. |
| The relationship between ATP and creatine phosphate is that | creatine phosphate supplies energy to regenerate ATP from ADP and phosphate. |
| A motor unit is | a motor neuron and the muscle fibers connected to it. |
| during muscle contraction ATP supplies energy for | myofilament movement. |
| Skeletal muscles help maintain body temperature in that | .the more active they are the more heat is released. |
| Threshold stimulus is the | minimal amount of energy required to contract a muscle fiber |
| A myogram is | a recording of the events of a twitch. |
| An example of a partial but sustained contraction is | muscle tone |
| Which of the following is not true | Red fibers have fewer mitochondria than white. |
| in a recording of a muscle twitch the delay between the time a stimulus is applied and the time the muscleresponds is called the | latent period |
| The very brief moment following stimulation when a muscle remains unresponsive to additional stimulationis called the | refractory period |
| Smooth muscle lacks | transverse tubules and striations. |
| Smooth muscle has ___________ and not troponin. | calmodulin |
| Compared to skeletal muscle smooth muscle | contracts more slowly and relaxes more slowly. |
| The type of muscle cell that lacks transverse tubules has a single nucleus and is under involuntary control is | smooth muscle |
| Short muscle cells with centrally located nuclei are | smooth muscle fibers |
| Both acetylcholine and norepinephrine can affect | smooth muscle contraction |
| The structures that connect cardiac muscle cells are. | intercalated disc |
| Cardiac muscle | A.contracts as a syncytium.B.excites itself. C.responds in an all-or-none manner D.is only in the heart. |
| Bones and muscles function as mechanical devices called | levers |
| The movable end of a muscle is its | insertion |
| The muscle primarily responsible for an action is the | prime mover |
| A muscle that assists a prime mover is a(n) | synergist |
| The buccinator muscle is in the | cheek |
| The muscle that adducts and flexes the arm is the | coracobrachialis. |
| The linea alba is | a band of tough connective tissue to which abdominal wall muscles attach. |
| The soleus is a muscle that forms part of the | calf |
| Which of the following is not a muscle of mastication? | mandibular |
| Which of the following is unique in that its insertion is to fascia and not bone? | palmaris longus. |
| The triangle of auscultation commonly used to hear sounds of respiratory organs is located near the border of the | trapezius and latissimus dorsi. |
| A gluteal gait in which a person walks with a waddling limp is usually caused by a disorder of the | gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. |
| A sign of aging of the muscular system is | decreased supplies of myoglobin to muscles. |
| Muscle atrophy that progresses with aging is caused by reduction in | A.ATP.B.myoglobin.C.the sizes of muscle fibers.D.creatine phosphate. |
| People with myasthenia gravis lack | about two-thirds of the normal number of acetylcholine receptors |
| Myasthenia gravis is | an autoimmune disorder |
| Weightlifting in which a muscle exerts more than 75% of its maximum tension stimulates | muscle fibers developing new filaments of actin and myosin |
| Fibers of muscles whose motor neurons are severed. | may be replaced by fat or fibrous connective tissue. |
| Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) syndrome cause | A.insomnia.B.ringing in the ears.C. backache.D.clicking sound from the jaw. |
| Binding sites on the surface of actin allow the formation of cross-bridges with molecules of | myosin |
| the characteristic reddish brown color of skeletal muscle comes from this substance | myoglobin |
| Activities such as distance swimming and distance running are most likely to stimulate development of | slow, fatigued, resistant muscle fibers |
| the increase in the number of motor units activated are a result of more intense stimulation | recruitment |
Created by:
lula78