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Prevention
Equine
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What factors do we base the vaccination schedule on? | Risk of disease, consequences of the disease, anticipated effectiveness of the selected product(s), potential for adverse reactions to a vaccine(s), cost of immunization vs potential cost of disease |
| What should infectious disease control programs be directed towards? | reducing exposure, minimizing factors, enhancing resistance |
| What will consistent utilization of such management programs do? | In time they will lower the incidence and/or severity of infectious disease |
| What type of vaccines contain agents capable of replicating within the horse yet have decreased pathogenicity> | Live vaccines |
| What type of vaccines are derived from naturally occurring pathogens | Modified Live vaccines |
| What type of vaccines Lack pathogenicity and can neither replicate nor spread between hosts? | Killed vaccine |
| What type of vaccines require multiple doses and/or boosters? | Killed vaccines |
| What are some adverse reactions that horses can have after receiving a vaccine intramuscularly? | Local muscular swelling and soreness, transient self-limiting signs including fever anorexia and lethargy |
| What is it important to note on the chart about the vaccine given? | Lot and serial number of the vaccine |
| What is the reccomendation regarding shows, sales, or travel with regards to vaccination? | That they're given 2-3 weeks prior to any of these |
| How should you store vaccines? | They should be refrigerated and you will want to check the thermometer to make sure they're staying at temperature. Middle of the fridge is a good idea. |
| What do we need to make sure of when handling our vaccines? | Clean the site, double check that you're giving it via the route, and use separate needles used for each individual animal |
| How is Eastern/western equine encephalomyelitis transmitted? | By mosquitoes |
| Who is at higher risk for getting EEE/WEE? | Horses from places where there is a lot of mosquitoes |
| What is the vaccination schedule for a EEE/WEE if the horse is previously unvaccinated? | 2 vaccine series 3-4 wks apart |
| What is the vaccination schedule for a EEE/WEE if the horse is previously vaccinated? | once yearly in the spring, however if you live in an area where mosquitoes are prevalent year round it's a twice yearly |
| What is the vaccination schedule for EEE/WEE if the horse is pregant and previously unvaccinated? | 2 vaccinations 4 weeks apart with the final one being 4-6 weeks prior to foaling |
| What is the vaccination schedule for EEE/WEE if the horse is pregant and previously vaccinated? | 1 vaccination 4-6 weeks prior to foaling |
| What is the vaccination schedule for EEE/WEE if the horse is a foal? | 3 dose series starting at 4-6 months of age |
| What is the vaccination schedule for EEE/WEE if the and foal and mosquitoes are prevalent in the area? | series can start as early as 2-3 months of age |
| What is the vaccination schedule for rabies if the horse is previously unvaccinated? | always single vaccine series, given yearly |
| What is the vaccination schedule for a rabies if the horse is pregnant? | 4-6 wks before foaling |
| What is the vaccination schedule for rabies if the horse is a foal? | 2 vaccine series, 4-6 wks apart, no earlier than 6 months of age UNLESS the mare was unvaccinated then we give it at about 3-4 mos of age |
| What is the vaccination schedule for tetanus if the horse is a foal? | 3 dose series starting at 4-6 mos of age, unless the mare was unvaccinated then series starts at 1-4 mos of age |
| What does tetanus a result from? | puncture wounds, lacerations, surgical wounds |
| What is the vaccination schedule for tetanus if the horse is a pregnant? | 4 weeks prior to foaling, if unvaccinated 2 vaccine series with last one 4 weeks prior to foaling |
| What is the vaccination schedule for tetanus if the horse is an previously vaccinated adult? | once a year, but if they get a puncture wound within 6 mos of vaccination revaccinate |
| What is the vaccination schedule for tetanus if the horse is an previously unvaccinated adult? | 2 vaccine series, given 4-6 weeks apart |
| What is the leading cause of arbovirus enchephalitus in horses | West Nile virus |
| What is the fatality rate for horses infected with West Nile virus? | 30% |
| What is the vaccination schedule for West Nile Virus if the horse is an previously vaccinated adult? | yearly vaccine unless in an area where mosquitoes are prevalent |
| What is the vaccination schedule for West Nile Virus if the horse is an previously unvaccinated adult? | |
| What is the vaccination schedule for West Nile Virus if the horse is pregnant? | Can't be vaccinated |
| What is the vaccination schedule for West Nile Virus if the horse is a foal? | 3 vaccine series given at 4 weeks apart starting at 4-6 mos of age 3rd and final dose should be administered at 10-12 mos if the mare was unvaccinated series starts at 3-4 mos |
| If a horse contracts west nile and are not of the 30% that die then what is true? | They will have life long immunity |
| What is anthrax? | a serious and rapidly fatal septicemic disease caused by proliferation and spread of the vegetative form of bacillus anthracis in the body |
| Only a live strain so this means what for the pregnant mare? | You can't give it to them, no studies done |
| What is the vaccination schedule for West Nile Virus if the horse is an previously unvaccinated adult? | 2 series 2-3 weeks apart Given SQ not IM |
| What is the vaccination schedule for West Nile Virus if the horse is an previously vaccinated adult? | once yearly |
| What is the primary indication for vaccinating for Botulism? | Prevention of shaker foal syndrome |
| What are the vaccination recommendations for vaccinating against Botulism with foals? | doesn't infer with maternal antibodies so it can be given as early as 2 weeks of age |
| What are the vaccination recommendations for vaccinating against Botulism in an adult | 2 series 2-3 weeks apart then yearly |
| How does equine herpes virus spread? | aerolized secretions, nasal secretions, or contact with aborted material |
| What are the vaccination recommendations for vaccinating against equine herpes virus in an adult | based on breeding season and exposure, every 6 mos if under 5 years of age or used for breeding or exposed to breeding horses, breeding mares are always vaccinated before breeding to prevent abortions |
| What factors make a horse more susceptible to Equine Influenza? | if they are under 5 yrs of age and exposed to a large number of horses |
| There are 3 types of vaccinations for Equine Influenza what is it important to remember about these | ROUTE is different for all 3 |
| What are the vaccination recommendations for vaccinating against e Equine Influenza in a pregnant mare? | 3-4 weeks before they foals |
| What are the vaccination recommendations for vaccinating against e Equine Influenza in a foal? | 2 series, 3-4 weeks apart starting at 6-7 mos |
| What is the recommendations for vaccination with the Equine Viral Arteritis? | Purpose to prevent outbreaks in breeding communities |
| What are the symptoms for Potomac horse Fever? | Fever, mild to severe diarrhea, laminitis, mild colic, decreased abdominal sounds, uncommonly pregnant mares infected can abort due to the fetal infection at 7 os of gestation |
| What are the vaccination recommendations for Potomac Horse Fever? | 2 dose, 3-4 weeks apart, 1 yearly |
| What disease are foals not at risk for? | Potomac Horse Fever |
| What is the major cause of foal diarrhea? | Rotaviral Diarrhea |
| What are the recommendations for vaccinating against Rotaviral diarrhea? | Vaccination of Pregnant Mares |
| What are the recommendations for vaccinating foals 6 mos or older? | 3 dose series, 3-4 wks apart |
| Is the vaccination for snake bite recommended for pregnant mares? | No |
| How is strangles contracted? | through direct contact with infected horses |
| What are the clinical signs of strangles? | fever, dysphagia or anorexia, stridor, lymphadenopathy, copious mucopurulent nasal discarge |
Created by:
Adeprey4311
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