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Government Test 1
Chapter 3 Bold Print Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Declaration of Independence | Drafted by Thomas Jefferson the document that proclaimed the right of the colonies to separate from Great Britain. |
| Republic | A governments without a monarch; a government rooted in the consent of the governed, whose power is exercised by elected representatives responsible to the governed. |
| Articles of Confederation | The compact among the thirteen original states that established the fist government of the U.S. |
| Legislative Branch | The law making branch of government. |
| Judicial Branch | The law interpreting branch of government. |
| Great Compromise | Submitted by the Connecticut delegation to the constitutional convention, and thus also known as the legislature in which the house of representatives would be apportioned according to population and states would be represented equally in the senate. |
| Extraordinary Majority | A majority greater than the minimum of 50% plus one. |
| Federalism | The division of power between a central government and regional governments. |
| Checks and Balances | A government structure that gives each branch some scrutiny of and control over the other branches. |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | The last in section 8 of Article I of the Constitution, which gives Congress the means to execute its enumerated powers. This clause is the basis for Congress's implied powers also called the elastic clause. |
| Judicial Review | The power to declare congressional (and presidential) acts invalid because they violate the constitution. |
| Social Contract Theory | The belief that people agree to set up rulers for certain purposes and thus have the right to resist or remove rules who act against those purposes. |
| Confederation | A loose association of independent states that agree to cooperate on specified matters. |
| Virginia Plan | A set of proposals for a new government submitted to the constitutional convention of 1787: It included serration of the government into three branches, division of the legislature into 2 houses and proportional representation in the legislature. |
| Executive Branch | The law enforcing branch of government. |
| New Jersey Plan | Submitted by the head of the New Jersey delegation to the constitutional convention, a set of nine solutions that would have , in effect preserves The Articles of Confederation by amending rather than replacing them. |
| Electoral College | A body of electors chosen by voters to cast ballots for president and vice president. |
| Republicanism | A form of government in which power resides in the people and is exercised by their elected representatives. |
| Separation of Powers | The assignment of law making, law enforcing, and law interpreting functions to separate branches of government. |
| Enumerated Powers | The powers explicitly granted to Congress by The Constitution. |
| Implied Powers | The powers that Congress needs to execute its enumerated powers. |
| Supremacy Clause | The clause in Article VI of the Constitution that asserts that national laws take procedure over state and local laws when they conflict. |
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beth96
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