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BUS223
Chapter Three Key Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Autonomy | [Greek: self-ruled] The capacity to make free and deliberate choices. The capacity for autonomous action is what explains the inherent dignity and intrinsic value of individual human beings. |
| Categorical Imperative | An overriding principle of ethics. (I.e., act so as the maxim implying in your acts could be willed to be a universal law; treat persons as ends and never as means only; treat others as subjects, not objects) |
| Character | The sum of relatively set traits, dispositions, and habits of an individual. Along with rational deliberation and choice, a person's character accounts for how she or he makes decisions and acts. |
| Consequentialist Theory | Ethical theories, such as utilitarianism, that determine right and wrong by calculating the consequence of actions. |
| Duties | Those obligations that one is bound to perform, regardless of consequences. Duties might be derived from basic ethical principles, from the law, or from one's institutional or professional role. |
| Egoism | A theory stating that all people act only from self-interest. |
| Ethical Relativism | Ethical values and judgements are ultimately dependent upon, or relative to, one's culture, society, or personal feelings. Relativism denies that we can make rational or objective ethical judgements. |
| Human Rights | Those moral rights that individuals have simply in virtue of being a human being. Also called Natural Rights or Moral Rights. |
| Principle-based Frameworks | A framework for ethics that grounds decision making in fundamental principles such as just, liberty, autonomy, and fairness. |
| Utilitarianism | An ethical theory that tells us that we can determine the ethical significance of any action by looking to the consequences of the act. In other words, the greatest good for the greatest number. |
| Veil of Ignorance | Individuals who have no knowledge of their own particular interests, talents, abilities and disabilities.The would only accept principles of social and economic justice that would be acceptable and fair to all. |
| Virtue Ethics | An approach to ethics that studies the character traits or habits that constitute a good human life, a life worth living. The virtues provides answers to the basic ethical questions, "What kind of person should I be?" |
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