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Unit 6 - Geological

Unit 6 Geological Time - Sheridan Lee

Term	Definition
Amber	fossilized tree resin
Fossil	the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock.
Cast	an object made by shaping molten metal or similar material in a mold
Index Fossil	a fossil that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found.
Mold	a distinctive and typical style, form, or character.
Permineralization	process of fossilization in which mineral deposits form internal casts of organisms
Trace fossil	a fossil of a footprint, trail, burrow, or other trace of an animal rather than of the animal itself.
Cross-cutting relationships	states that an igneous intrusion is always younger than the rock it cuts across
Geologic time	a system of chronological measurement that relates stratigraphy to time
Lateral Continuity	states that layers of sediment initially extend laterally in all directions; in other words, they are laterally continuous
Original horizontality	states that layers of sediment are originally deposited horizontally under the action of gravity
Relative age	common practice for dating rocks, science of determining the relative order of past events
Superposition	principle of quantum theory that describes a challenging concept about the nature and behavior of matter and forces at the sub-atomic level.
Unconformity	a surface of contact between two groups of unconformable strata.
Uniformitarianism	the theory that changes in the earth's crust during geological history have resulted from the action of continuous and uniform processes.
Absolute Age	the true age of a rock or fossil
Half-life	he time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to fall to half its original value.
Ice core	a core sample that is typically removed from an ice sheet
Isotope	help determine the chemical composition and age of minerals and other geologic objects.
Radiometric dating	any method of determining the age of earth materials or objects of organic origin based on measurement of either short-lived radioactive elements or the amount of a long-lived radioactive element plus its decay product.
Differentiation	The geological process by which the Earth came to have its present interior structure
Outgassing	To remove embedded gas from (a solid), as by heating or reducing the pressure
Supercontinent	each of several large landmasses (notably Pangaea, Gondwana, and Laurasia) thought to have divided to form the present continents in the geological past.
Pangaea	hypothetical supercontinent that included all current land masses, believed to have been in existence before the continents broke apart during the Triassic and Jurassic Periods.
Orogeny	a process in which a section of the earth's crust is folded and deformed by lateral compression to form a mountain range.
Evoluation	the gradual development of something, especially from a simple to a more complex form.
Natural selection	the process by which plants and animals that can adapt to changes in their environment are able to survive and reproduce while those that cannot adapt do not survive

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