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Chinese Dynasties
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1st Chinese dynasty attested from written records. Archaeological excavations at the “ruins of Yin,” near the modern city of Anyang, uncovered their remains. Writings were found on “oracle bones,” | The Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC) |
| Overthrew the Shang. Real power lay in the hands of feudal lords. 100 schools of thought (including Confucianism) flourished and Sun Tzu wrote his Art of War. Warring States Period followed this dynasty | The Zhou [“Joe”] dynasty (1046–256 BC) |
| Origin of many of the institutions of imperial China. Founding emperor gained an ill-deserved reputation in history because he destroyed many Confucian texts. Standardized weight measurements, unified Chinese script, & used conscripts to build Great Wall | The Qin [“chin”] dynasty (221 – 206 BC) Emperor Qin Shi Huangi (wong-dee). Terracotta warrior tomb with rivers of mercury. |
| Golden age of Chinese civilization. Reunited China and established capital @ Chang’an. Formalized China’s bureaucracy, established Confucianism as the official state doctrine. | The Han dynasty (206 BC – AD 220) Founder was Liu Bang, a peasant, who became Emperor Gaozu. |
| An enormous cultural impact thanks to the classic Chinese novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The Battle of Red Cliffs (AD 208) was fought during this period. | Period of the Three Kingdoms (AD 184–280) |
| Important poets such as Li Bai (or Li Po) and Du Fu lived and the printing press was invented. Empress Wu was the only woman to become emperor of China; a notable supporter of Buddhism and promoted the imperial examination. | The Tang dynasty (618–907) |
| Known for its devotion to cultural activities instead of warfare and for the establishment of Neo-Confucianism as state doctrine, with the imperial examination as the primary way of recruiting talent. Gunpowder and the compass were discovered. | The Song dynasty (960–1279) |
| Short-lived dynasty established by the invading Mongols. Notable ruler was Kublai Khan, whose invasions of Japan were thwarted by typhoons the Japanese called kamikaze or divine wind. Little support from Chinese elite | The Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) |
| Last native dynasty of China; its rulers came from the Zhu family. The use of the word “china” to describe fine porcelain originated from this period, as they were well-known for producing high-quality porcelain. Zhu Di moved China’s capital to Beijing | The Ming dynasty (1368–1644) |
| The invading Manchus created the last dynasty to rule imperial China. Banner system, which acted as a guaranteed welfare system for Manchus and gave them benefits in the imperial examination | Qing [cheeng] dynasty (1644–1911) |
Created by:
Mr_Morman
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