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Nat5 Multicellular

Specialised Cells

QuestionAnswer
What is the function of the egg cell? To be fertilized by a sperm cell and form a zygote.
How is egg cell adapted to its function? Egg has a haploid number of chromosomes and a large food store to support developing embryo.
What is the function of the sperm cell? To swim to the egg in order to fertilize it.
How is sperm cell adapted to its function? Sperm cell has a haploid number of chromosomes and a tail allowing it to swim to the egg.
What is the function of the root hair cell? To absorb MORE water needed by a plant.
How is root hair cell adapted to its function? It has a large surface area allowing it to absorb water efficiently.
Why is there no chloroplasts in the root hair cell? Because root hair cell is usually found underground, where there is no sun light.
What is the function of xylem cells? To transport water UP the plant from the soil.
How are xylem cells adapted to their function? They are dead hollow tubes strengthened by lignin.
What is the function of phloem cells? To transport sugars UP and DOWN the plant from the leaves.
How are phloem cells adapted to their function? They are living cells supported by companion cells. They have sieve plates at the ends.
What is the function of red blood cells? To carry MORE oxygen around the body.
How are red blood cells adapted to their function? They have a large surface area, biconcave shape, do not have a nucleus and contain hemoglobin.
What is the function of nerve cells? To receive and pass on electrical signals.
How are nerve cells adapted to their function? They have long thin dendrites and can form many connections with the other nerve cells.
What is a tissue? Group of similar cells working together to perform the same function.
What is an organ? A group of tissues working together to perform the same function.
What is an organ system? A group of organs working together.
What are the levels of cell organization in a multicellular organism? cell - tissue - organ - organ system - organism.
What are the unspecialised cells in animals called? stem cells.
What are the unspecialised cells in plants called? meristems.
Where are stem cells found in the body? bone marrow and umbilical cord.
Where are meristems found in a plant? root tip and shoot tip.
What is the role of unspecialised cells? to divide and produce specialised cells.
What can stem cells potentially be used for? grow new organs, cure diabetes or cancer.
Created by: dr.prorocic
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