click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nat5 Multicellular
Specialised Cells
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What is the function of the egg cell? | To be fertilized by a sperm cell and form a zygote. |
How is egg cell adapted to its function? | Egg has a haploid number of chromosomes and a large food store to support developing embryo. |
What is the function of the sperm cell? | To swim to the egg in order to fertilize it. |
How is sperm cell adapted to its function? | Sperm cell has a haploid number of chromosomes and a tail allowing it to swim to the egg. |
What is the function of the root hair cell? | To absorb MORE water needed by a plant. |
How is root hair cell adapted to its function? | It has a large surface area allowing it to absorb water efficiently. |
Why is there no chloroplasts in the root hair cell? | Because root hair cell is usually found underground, where there is no sun light. |
What is the function of xylem cells? | To transport water UP the plant from the soil. |
How are xylem cells adapted to their function? | They are dead hollow tubes strengthened by lignin. |
What is the function of phloem cells? | To transport sugars UP and DOWN the plant from the leaves. |
How are phloem cells adapted to their function? | They are living cells supported by companion cells. They have sieve plates at the ends. |
What is the function of red blood cells? | To carry MORE oxygen around the body. |
How are red blood cells adapted to their function? | They have a large surface area, biconcave shape, do not have a nucleus and contain hemoglobin. |
What is the function of nerve cells? | To receive and pass on electrical signals. |
How are nerve cells adapted to their function? | They have long thin dendrites and can form many connections with the other nerve cells. |
What is a tissue? | Group of similar cells working together to perform the same function. |
What is an organ? | A group of tissues working together to perform the same function. |
What is an organ system? | A group of organs working together. |
What are the levels of cell organization in a multicellular organism? | cell - tissue - organ - organ system - organism. |
What are the unspecialised cells in animals called? | stem cells. |
What are the unspecialised cells in plants called? | meristems. |
Where are stem cells found in the body? | bone marrow and umbilical cord. |
Where are meristems found in a plant? | root tip and shoot tip. |
What is the role of unspecialised cells? | to divide and produce specialised cells. |
What can stem cells potentially be used for? | grow new organs, cure diabetes or cancer. |