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Government Test 3
Chapter 9 Bold Print Terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Election Campaign | An organized effort to persuade voters to choose one candidate over others competing for the same office. |
| Closed Primaries | Primary elections in which voters must declare their party affiliation before they are given the primary ballot containing that party's potential nominees. |
| Primary Election | A preliminary election conducted within a political party to select candidates who will run for public office in a subsequent election. |
| Open Primaries | Primary elections in which voters need not to declare their party affiliation and can choose one party' primary ballot to take into the voting booth. |
| Modified Closed Primaries | Primary elections that allow individual state parties to decide whether they permit independence to vote in their primaries and , if so, for which offices. |
| Presidential Primary | A special primary election used to select delegates to attend the party's national convention, which in turn nominates the presidential candidate. |
| Front Loading | States' practice of moving delegate selection primaries and caucuses earlier in the calendar year to gain media and candidate attention. |
| Straight Ticket | Voting for a single party's candidates for all the offices. |
| Open Election | An election that lacks an incumbent. |
| Political Action Committee (PAC) | An organization that collects campaign contributions from group members and donates them to candidates for political office. |
| 501(c) 4 Social Welfare Organization | Groups named after Section501 of the Internal Revenue Code that operate for promotion of social welfare; they are exempt from reporting donors if they spend most of their funds on issues, not candidates, |
| Modified Open Primaries | Primary elections that entitle independent voters to vote in a party's primary. |
| Caucus/ Convention | A method used to select delegates to attend a party's national convention. |
| General Election | A national election held by law in November of every even numbered year. |
| Split Ticket | Voting for candidates from different parties for different offices. |
| Federal Election Commission ( FEC) | A bipartisan federal agency of 6 members that oversees the financing of national election campaigns. |
| 527 Committees | Committees named after Section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code; they enjoy tax - exempt status in election campaigns if they are unaffiliated with political parties and take positions on issues, not specific candidates. |
| Citizens United v FEC ( 2010) | January 2010 a bitterly divide Supreme Court departed form its precedents and ruled against BCRA's ban on spending by corporations in candidate elections Conservatives viewed it as defending freedom of speech. |
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beth96
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